woods, and remained concealed until the savages had accomplished their work of destruction, and taken their departure. On returning home, a sad spectacle met his view-the bodies of his wife and four children. The house was burning, but he succeeded in extinguishing the fire. On examining the bodies, he found evidences of remaining life in one of them his little daughter. He immediately raised her, and endeavored to resuscitate her; but just then, observing some of the enemy approaching, he concealed himself, and, when they came up, saw one of them, a tory, named Newbury, strike the innocent little victim with his hatchet, and thus put an end to his last hope. The next day the disconsolate father, wholly unassisted, removed all the corpses, on a sled, to the fort, where the soldiers assisted him to inter them. The same Newbury was executed for his crimes the next year, on the testimony of Mr. Mitchell, having been arrested when engaged as a spy, in the army of General Clinton, at Canajoharie. Mr. Campbell's house was attacked, and his family were taken into captivity. He was absent; but, although he hastened homeward on hearing the gun fired in the fort, he arrived too late to render any assistance. The number of inhabitants killed was thirty-two, and of soldiers sixteen. A few persons escaped to the Mohawk, and the remainder were made captive. The buildings were all burned, the settlement was laid waste, and abandoned by the survivors, until more peaceful times. LITTLE FALLS.-This is one of the favorite spots with travellers of taste; and there are but few points at which are assembled, within so narrow a space, such a display of picturesque scenery, with so many works of useful science and art. Here the Mohawk river, having reached the eastern boundary of the rich German Flats, once the bottom of a lake, pours through the descending, rocky channel cut by the current, where the waters, in some long-past age, found an outlet through their ancient barrier. Here, to form an artificial passage for boats arriving at the end of the Long level on the Erie canal, the rocky shore has been excavated, and lofty walls erected, and sufficient breadth gained, to conduct that noble work, by successive locks, down to the level which extends below. The railroad has since found a path for its more rapid vehicles; and now the roar of the river mingles with the sounds of the locomotive and the bugles of the boatmen. The accompanying engraving gives an accurate and pleasing view of the natural scenery, and some of the works of art, which stand in such striking contrast in this picturesque and remarkable pass. The village in the distance is that of Little Falls, which takes its name from the continued series of cascades, by which the Mohawk here finds its way to the meadows stretching through the eastern valley. The principal fall on this stream, the Cohoes, near its mouth, makes these comparatively second in importance; and hence the term by which they are distinguished. The channel is in several places divided by rocks and islands, of rough and ragged forms, which bear the appearance of having been worn away by the force of a current far more deep and impetuous than any now ever produced by the river, even at its highest floods; and the descent of the channel is so great as to render the passage impossible, even in small boats. It is, therefore, doubly interesting to the spectator to observe the triumph of art, with the obstacles of nature which have been overcome, in full view. If passing through this dark, wild, and ro mantic gorge, in a canal-boat, he glides smoothly along upon the glassy surface of the canal, and here and there is gradually raised or let down, by the locks, from one level to another, without injury or inconvenience, by the same element which is seen, in its natural, untamed state, rushing and raving furiously be low. Or, if he is a passenger in one of the cars which pursue the railroad track, from the other side of the river he beholds the same scene, from a different but no less striking point of view, and, in a few moments, makes a rapid transition from one to the other of those smooth and fertile meadows which extend along the banks of the Mohawk, at different levels, above and below the falls. One of the high hills on the southern bank of the river, at this place, has a remarkable cave; and the geological features of the region are worthy of attention. Beautiful crystals of quartz are found in the neighborhood, in considerable abundance, and are washed from the micaceous slate by every rain. Passengers in the rail-cars sometimes have an opportunity to purchase a few, of the children who take pains to collect them. are found at many similar spots. One of these is two and a half feet in diameter, beginning at the top of a rock thirty feet above the present level of the river; and, being broken below, allows a visiter to see the sky above, through the whole length of the funnel. The canal descends at this place by five locks, each of eight feet lift. In 1789, several prisoners were taken by a party of Indians, at a mill; but two men escaped, by retreating under the waterwheel, whence the savages could not dislodge them. ROME. This village was named at a time when unfounded expectations were The Marble Aqueduct, two hundred entertained of its rapid and extensive and fourteen feet long, and sixteen feet growth. Its population, in 1850, about wide, is one of the best-constructed and 8,000. It occupies a place of great imbeautiful works on the line of the canal, portance in the French and Revolutioncrossing the Mohawk on five large arch-ary wars, as it was one of the carryinges, to bring over a supply of water from places on the ancient Indian route bethe old canal on the northern bank. tween Lake Ontario and the Mohawk, The central arch is seventy feet span. by the way of Oneida lake and Wood Few constructions can be found which creek. The Black-river canal (an impresent to the eye, in so forcible a con-portant work) passes the village, as well trast, the rude obstacles of nature with as the railroad and Erie canal. The symmetry and beauty of useful art. ground is the summit-level between Lake Ontario and the ocean, four hundred and thirteen feet above the Hudson at Albany, from which it is distant one hundred and twelve miles. The United States arsenal, and barracks for one thousand men, were built in 1813. Fort Stanwix (of which only some in 1758, and was at first merely a square fort, with four bastions, a covered way and glacis, surrounded by a palisaded ditch. It cost £266,400, but, through neglect, was in ruins at the beginning The first settler in this wild spot was a Scotch gentleman, Alexander Ellis, who, by the aid of Sir William Johnson, obtained a patent of the surrounding tract. The river makes a descent of forty-two feet, by two rapids, within the distance of two thirds of a mile, with a broad interval of smooth and deep wa-marks remain in the soil) was erected ter. Above these is a dam, divided by an island, over which the water pours in small cascades. The romantic pass which opens through the ridge of mountains, is about two miles in length, and of an average breadth of only five hun-of the Revolution. Having been hastily dred yards, while rough and woody heights, rises on each side nearly four hundred feet. Everything here, and above and below, indicates that a lake once covered the great German Flats; and it is calculated that, if a dam were now built here seventy feet high, that rich and extensive alluvial tract would soon be overflown, and the new lake would find an outlet through Wood creek into Oneida lake and Ontario. The rocks are deeply worn, often by large and deep circular drills, such as repaired, and named Fort Schuyler, on the 3d of August, 1777, it was invested by Colonel St. Leger, with a large mixed force from Canada, comprising one thousand Indians. Colonel Ganzevoort, however, resolutely refused to surrender; and, although in command of only seven hundred and fifty men, sent out Colonel Willet to make a diversion in favor of General Herkimer, who was advancing to his relief, and with such success that the enemy were driven from their camp, leaving their baggage and even papers. Twenty wagon-loads of spoils were brought into the fort. The invaders, however, returned, and the siege was closely pressed; but Colonel Willet and Major Stockwell succeeded in passing by stealth through the midst of the enemy, and reached General Sullivan's camp at Stillwater, who sent General Arnold with assistance. That sagacious officer (afterward a traitor) so terrified the invaders by exaggerated reports, that they fled in a panic, and failed in their enterprise as utterly as General Burgoyne, to co-operate with whom, they had come from Canada. with neat yards and gardens; while the hotels are large, and the point where the canal and railroad pass the principal street is one of great activity and bustle. The view in every direction is over an extent of level ground, and bounded by the hills enclosing the valley of the Mohawk. other nations of the savage confederacy CLINTON.-The pleasant village of Clinton, situated nine miles from Utica, is the seat of Hamilton college. This institution owes its origin to the Rev. Samuel Kirkland, a missionary to the Oneida Indians. He was one of the pupils of the celebrated school of Mr. UTICA. This city, situated on the Wheelock, and graduated at Princeton southern bank of the Mohawk, occupies in 1765. In the following year he reone of the important points where the moved to this place, and commenced a line of the Erie canal and the railroad long, self-denying, and successful course coincide, and are crossed by several of missionary labors among the Oneidas, country roads. It has the additional over whom he obtained a strong and advantage of lying on a tract of fertile beneficial influence, of great importance land, the river alluvion in that country in the Revolutionary war. While the being broad and rich. It is ninety-six miles west of Albany, and two hundred and forty-one miles from New York. Fort Schuyler, an earth work, thrown up here in the old French war, was the first point ever occupied here by white men; but, as Whitestown, for some years after its settlement, was the prin- The remarkable chief Skenandoa, cipal place of resort in this region, as with many of his people, became intellate as 1793, there were but three dwel- ligent Christians under the instructions lings in Utica. Rome was afterward of their devoted pastor. In 1793, he obmarked out, as the site of a future city; tained a charter for a seminary of learnbut, although the Western Inland Nav-ing, designed for Indians as well as igation company, chartered in 1792, opened a canal from the bend of the Hudson here to Oneida lake, and expectations were entertained of a great trade taking that direction, in 1800, the Seneca turnpike was opened through Utica, which gave the latter place the advantage. It has continued to increase ever since. The population in 1830 was 8,323, and in 1850, 17,240. It was made a village in 1798, when it received the name of Utica, and it was incorporated as a city in 1832. It contains fourteen churches, three banks, numerous stores, and a number of handsome private houses, with much refined and intelligent society. The streets of Utica are generally pleasant, many of them being planted with trees and lined whites, under the title of the Hamilton Oneida academy, which has since been raised to the rank of a college. TRENTON FALLS.-The West Canada creek, in flowing through a long, deep, and narrow ravine, presents a succession of wild and romantic scenes, so striking and so interesting, that this region has been for some years a favorite point of observation to travellers of taste in the western tour. It is common for parties to stop at Utica, and devote a day to an excursion to Trenton Falls. The stream makes successive falls, four of which are the most considerable, but all varying in form and appearance. The largest is two miles northwest from Trenton village, where, within a short distance, it is precipitated down three perpendicu |
