1842

N.S.W. First Representative Constitution.-Crown Land Sales Act (Imperial).—Disaffection among the natives.

Vic.

S.A.

Representation granted, to the extent of six members.-Incor
poration of Melbourne.

Discovery of Kapunda Copper Mines.-The South Australian
Act.

Q'ld. Gipps visits Brisbane, and orders that the width of streets be
reduced in subsequent surveys.-Proclamation of free settle-
ment at Moreton Bay.-First open sale of land. —Appoint-
ment of a Police Magistrate.

1843 N.S.W.

Q'ld.
Tas.

1845

1846

1847

1848

N.S. W.
S.A.

Q'ld.
Tas.

Financial crisis marked by the failure of the Bank of Australia.
Collapse of the Adelaide City Council.

Moreton Bay granted Legislative Representation.

Governor Franklin recalled, and succeeded by Sir John Eardley
Eardley-Wilmot.

Great flood on the Yarra.-John Dunmore Lang's resolution in
favour of separation.

Sturt's last expeditions inland.

Leichhardt's expedition from Darling Downs to Port Essington.
Explorations of Kentish in the north-west.

Mitchell's explorations on the Barcoo.

Grey transferred to New Zealand, the government assumed by
Colonel Frederic Holt Robe.-Discovery of the Burra Copper
Mines.

Explorations of Mitchell and Kennedy.

Price's Norfolk Island Pandemonium broken up.-Resignation
of the "Patriotic Six."

N.S.W. Governor Gipps is succeeded by Sir Charles Augustus Fitzroy.—
Gladstone proposes to revive transportation to New South
Wales.

S.A.

Proclamation of North Australia.-State grants made to certain religious bodies.—Expedition and death of Horrocks.

Q'ld. The founding of "Gladstone," an "exile" settlement at Port Curtis. Explorations by Leichhardt.—Moreton Bay declared a port of entry.

Tas.

W.A.

Governor Wilmot recalled by Gladstone.

Reports on immigration despatched to the British Government. —
Lieut.-Col. Andrew Clarke assumes office as Governor.-
Explorations by the brothers Gregory.

N.S. W. Crown Land Leases Act.-Lady Fitzroy killed in a carriage

accident.

Q'ld. The s.s. Sovereign" wrecked on Moreton Island.-Explorations by Burnett and Kennedy.

Tas.

Sir William Denison assumes office as Governor.-Reinstatement of the "Patriotic Six."-Removal of the surviving blacks, 44 in number, from Flinders Island to Oyster Cove. W.A. Death of Governor Clarke, whose place is taken by Lieut.-Col. Irwin.

Crown Land Leases Act.-Earl Grey suggests the formation of an Assembly, in which all the Australian colonies should be represented.

N.S.W. Attempts to revive transportation and assignment.-The Uni-
versity of Sydney founded by Act of Parliament.

Vic. Earl Grey returned as the Melbourne member of the Legislative
Council.

S.A.

Governor Robe makes a grant of land as site for an Anglican
Cathedral.-Recall of Robe, whose place is taken by Sir
Henry Fox Young.

1848

1849

Q'ld.

Tas.

Last journey of Ludwig Leichhardt.-Kennedy speared by the blacks.-Chinese imported as shepherds.-The Fortitude incident.

Unavailing protests against the landing of convicts from the
"Ratcliffe."

W.A. Captain Charles Fitzgerald, R. N., assumes office as Governor.-
Governor Fitzgerald wounded by the blacks.
N.S.W. The " Hashemy" incident.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

W.A.

Public indignation at the arrival of the "Randolphe

convicts.

Revocation of the North Australian proclamation.

" with

Convicts per "Hashemy" assigned to squatters on the Darling
Downs.

Convicts to the number of 1,860 landed in accordance with Earl
Grey's probation scheme.

Commencement of transportation to Western Australia.

A suggestion for the formation of a General Assembly of Australia made in the report of a Privy Council Committee on Trade and Plantations.

1850 N.S.W. Final abolition of transportation.-Passing of the Australian Government Act.-New South Wales loses her southern province by separation.-First sod of the first Australian railway turned at Sydney.

1851

1852

Vic.

S.A.
Tas.

The Constitution Act.-The Murray fixed upon as the northern
boundary of Victoria.

South Australia obtains representative government.
First discovery of coal in the colony.-Tasmania obtains repre-
sentative government.

Four of the five Australian colonies obtain representative government (Queensland still a dependency of New South Wales). N.S.W. Hargraves discovers payable gold near Bathurst.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

Black Thursday (6th February).-Proclamation of Victoria as a separate colony.-Gold discoveries.

Depression; withdrawal of specie from the colony.-Abolition of State aid to religion.-The Bullion Act passed.—Revival of the Adelaide Corporation.

First direct shipment of wool to England.-Agitation for separation from New South Wales.

Efflux of population to the gold-fields of "the other side."
Transfer of the Customs establishments to the Colonial Govern
ments.

N.S.W. The town of Gundagai swept away by a flood; 77 lives lost.
Vic. Convicts Prevention Act passed.-An extra regiment brought
from England to keep order.

S.A.

Return of prosperity.-A steamer ascends the Murray to the junction of the Darling.

Q'ld. Withdrawal of a large proportion of the population towards the gold-fields of New South Wales and Victoria.

Tas.

First Elective Council meets and passes a resolution against transportation.-Gold discovered at Fingal and Tower Hill

Creek.

Transfer of the Australian gold revenue to the colonial exchequer.

1853 N.S.W. University of Sydney opened.-Arrival of the first mail steamer

Moreton Bay declared a residency, with Captain Wickham as

first Government Resident.

Abolition of transportation.

Vic.

S.A.

Tas.

1855

Governor La Trobe retires and is succeeded by Sir Charles
Hotham.-The Eureka Stockade rebellion.

Departure of Sir Henry Young.

Departure of Governor Denison.
Creation of a separate Colonial Office.

N.S.W. Opening of the first Australian railway.-Governor Fitzroy is
succeeded by Sir William Denison -Norfolk Island cleared
for the Pitcairn Islanders.--New scheme for the government
of the gold-fields.-Introduction of responsible government.
Reforms on the goldfields.-Introduction of responsible govern-
ment.-Death of Sir Charles Hotham.

Vic.

S.A.

Sir Richard Graves Macdonnell assumes office as Governor.-
Introduction of responsible government.

Q'ld. Gregory's search for Leichhardt.-First navigation of the Fitzroy
River.

Tas.

Sir Henry Edward Fox Young succeeds to the Government.-
The Hampton Case.-£25,000 contributed to a fund in aid of
English sufferers by the Crimean War.-Introduction of
responsible government.

W.A. Governor Fitzgerald succeeded by Arthur Edward Kennedy.
New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania are
granted responsible government.

1856

Vic.

1857

Sir Henry Barkly assumes office as Governor.

Q'ld. Grounding of the "Phoebe Dunbar" on Stradbroke Island.--
Murders by the blacks.

Tas.

Opening of the first Parliament.-The name Van Diemen's Land formally replaced by Tasmania.

W.A. A. C. Gregory's expedition in search of Leichhardt. - A Select Committee appointed in New South Wales to consider the best means of legislation on matters of common interest. N.S.W. Serious floods.-Wrecks of the "Duncan Dunbar" (119 lives lost), and the " Catherine Adamson " (21 lives lost) at Sydney Heads.

Vic.

S.A.
Q'ld.

Death, by carriage accident, of Lady Barkly.

- Abolition of property qualification for members of the Assembly.Universal manhood suffrage established.

Babbage and Warburton explore northwards.
Establishment of Supreme Court sittings.-Garbutt tells his tale
of Leichhardt's detention in the interior.--A Select Com-
mittee appointed in Victoria to consider best means of
legislation on matters of common Australian interest.—
Wentworth's draft Bill with proposal for a General Asso-
ciation of the Australian Colonies.

1858 N.S. W. Establishment of manhood suffrage and vote by ballot.-Telegraphic communication established between Sydney and Melbourne.

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

1858-61 S.A.

Trial of rebel leaders.-The number of members of the Assembly raised to 78.

Torrens' Real Property Act passed.-Series of exploring expeditions begun by Stuart.

Brisbane declared a municipality.-Discovery of gold.--The Canoona Rush.-Exploration by Landsborough and Dalrymple.

Establishment of a State system of Public Instruction. Series of exploring expeditions by John McDouall Stuart. 1859 N.S.W. The Northern Province separated.

Proclamation of Queensland as a separate Colony with respon-
sible government.-Sir George Bowen appointed Governor.
State aid to religion abolished.-First submarine cable laid from
Circular Head to Cape Otway.

Disastrous floods at Shoalhaven and Araluen.

Burke and Wills start on their journey of exploration.
The Wallaroo and Moonta copper discoveries.

Bowen founded.- Withdrawal of State aid to religion.
Governor Denison succeeded by Sir John Young.-Anti-Chinese
riots at Lambing Flat.-John Robertson's Land Acts.-
Constitutional Crisis.-Regulation and restriction of Chinese
immigration.

Mr. Justice Boothby claims to be the only legally appointed
Judge of the Supreme Court.
Burke and Wills perish in the Great Stony Desert; dispatch
of expeditions to search for their remains.-Laws made for
the transfer of real estate, and for municipal government.-
First census taken.-First despatch of a telegraphic message
in the colony.--First State trial (Regina v. Pugh) results in
a verdict for the defendant establishing the right of free
discussion. A military station established on Albany

Island.

Governor Sir Henry Young succeeded by Colonel Thomas Gore

Browne.

W.A. Explorations of F. Gregory in the North-west.-Pearling grounds

discovered.

Conference at Melbourne to secure uniformity in collection and compilation of the Annual Statistics of the Australian Colonies.

1862 N.S.W. Daring raid on the Lachlan gold escort (£14,000 carried off).— Abolition of State aid to religion.

1863

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Charles Gavan Duffy's Land Act.

Sir Richard Macdonnell departs.-Stuart crosses the continent from south to north.-Sir Dominick Daly assumes office as Governor.

McKinlay's explorations.-Severe floods on the Fitzroy River. W.A. Governor Kennedy succeeded by John S. Hampton.-Formation of the first Legislative Council.

N.S.W. The outlaw Gilbert and his confederates rob a jeweller's shop in Bathurst, and hold up the town of Canowindra for three days.-Initiation of the Riverina district dispute.

Vic.

S.A.
Q'ld.

Retirement of Governor Barkly, who is succeeded by Sir Charles
Darling.

South Australia takes over the Northern Territory.

Extension of the north-west boundary.-Queensland Bank Act passed.

Intercolonial Conference held at Melbourne.

1864 N.S.W. Frequent outrages by bushrangers.

Q'ld. First railway begun in the colony.-First sugar manufactured

1864-5 Tas.

1865

Q'ld.

Tas.

W.A.

from Queensland cane.

First successful shipment of salmon ova from England.
First railway opened.-Financial depression.

Act passed to facilitate release and transfer of real estate.
Petition to the Legislative Council urging the introduction of a
measure to establish representative government.

1866 N.S. W. Passage of the Public Schools' Act of (Sir) Henry Parkes.

1868

S.A.
Q'ld.

N.S W.
Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Political deadlock.-Governor Darling recalled and replaced by
the Right Hon. F. H. T. Manners-Sutton (afterwards Vis-
count Canterbury).

Introduction of camels for purposes of exploration, etc.
Financial crisis.-Hume's search for Leichhardt.

Departure of Sir John Young.

Import duty imposed on a number of articles with the purpose
of affording protection to home industries.

The Governor and Executive Council investigate charges against
Mr. Justice Boothby and remove him from the bench.—
Visit of the Duke of Edinburgh.

Rich gold discoveries at Gympie.

N.S.W. Lord Belmore takes office as Governor.-Attempt to assassinate the Duke of Edinburgh at Clontarf.-Treason Felony Act passed.

Vic.

S.A.
Q'ld.

Tas.

1869

W.A.
N.S.W.

1870

Vic.

S.A.
Tas.

Visit of the Duke of Edinburgh.

Death of Sir Dominick Daly.

Departure of Governor Bowen.-Visit of the Duke of Edin-
burgh.-Act passed to regulate Island Labour traffic.-
Colonel S. W. Blackall succeeds to the Government.
The Duke of Edinburgh turns the first sod of the first Tasmanian
railway. Governor Gore-Browne's term of office expires.
Departure of Governor Hampton.-Transportation ceases.
Select Committee appointed to inquire into existence of alleged
conspiracy for treason and murder.

Reduction of the property qualification of members and electors
of the Legislative Council.

Sir James Fergusson assumes office as Governor.

Governor Gore-Browne departs and is succeeded by Mr. Charles
du Cane.--State aid to religion finally abolished.
W.A. Mr. (afterwards Sir) Frederick Weld assumes office as Governor.
-First explorations of John Forrest.

N.S.W. Intercolonial Exhibition held at Sydney to celebrate the 100th
anniversary of Cook's landing.

S.A.

Tas.
W.A.

1871

Vic.

S.A.

Q'ld.

Tas.

W.A.

1872 N.S.W.

S.A.

The trans-continental telegraph started.

Amendment of the Constitution.

Grant of representative government to Western Australia.-
John Forrest explores from Albany to Port Lincoln.

Intercolonial Congress held at Melbourne.

Increase of import duties.

Death of Lady Edith Fergusson.

Death of Governor Blackall.-The Marquis of Normanby assumes office as Governor.

The Queensland National Bank founded.

Discovery of Mount Bischoff tin mines, and other valuable mineral discoveries.

Further explorations by Forrest.

Lord Belmore succeeded by Sir Hercules Robinson.-Interna-
tional Exhibition at Sydney.-Death of Wentworth.
Submarine cable laid from Singapore to Port Darwin.-Comple-
tion of trans-continental telegraph line.-Strangway's Act
passed.

Q'ld. Discovery of tin at Stanthorpe, copper at Mt. Perry, and coal at
Wide Bay. Discovery of the Palmer gold-field.

Tas.

W.A.

Launceston and Western Railway transferred to the Government. Completion of direct telegraphic communication with England.

Land Act passed to encourage small settlers and immigrants.