of cotton or wool, mixed with filk excepted, which thall remain prohibited on both fides.

8th. Cambricks and lawns fhall pay, in both countries, an import duty of five fhillings, or fix livres Tournois, per demi piece of feven yards and three quarters, English ineafure; and linens, made of flax or hemp, manufactured in the dominions of the two fovereigns in Europe, thall pay no higher duties, either in Great Britain or France, than linens manufactured in Holland or Flanders, imported into Great Britain, now pay.

And linen made of flax or hemp, manufactured in Ireland or France, fhall reciprocally pay no higher duties than linens manufactured in Holland, imported into Ireland,

now pay.

9th. Sadlery fhall reciprocally pay an import duty of fifteen per cent. ad valorem.

10th. Gauzes of all forts fhall reciprocally pay ten per cent. ad valorem.

11th. Millinery made up of muflin, lawn, cambrick, or gauze of every kind, or of any other article admitted under the prefent tariff, fhall pay reciprocally a duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem: and if

any articles fhall be used therein, which are not specified in the tariff, they fhall pay no higher duties than thofe paid for the fame articles by the most favoured nations.

12th. Porcelain, earthen-ware, and pottery, fhall pay reciprocally twelve per cent. ad valorem.

13th. Plate-glafs and glafs-ware in general fhall be admitted, on each fide, paying a duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem.

His Britannic majefty referves the right of countervailing, by additional

duties on the undermentioned merchandizes, the internal duties actually impofed upon the manufactures, or the import duties which are charged on the raw materials; namely, on all linens or cottons, ftained or printed, on beer, glafs-ware, plateglafs, and iron.

And his Moft Chriftian majefy alfo referves the right of doing the fame, with regard to the following merchandizes; namely, cottons, iron, and beer.

And for the better fecuring the due collection of the duties payable ad valorem, which are fpecified in the above tariff, the faid contracting parties will concert with each other as well the form of the declarations to be made, as alfo the proper means of preventing fraud with refpect to the real value of the faid goods and merchandizes

But if it fhall hereafter appear, that any mistakes have inadvertently been made in the above tariff, contrary to the principles on which it is founded, the two fovereigns will concert with good faith upon the means of rectifying them.

Art. VII. The duties above fpecified are not to be altered but by mutual confent; and the merchandizes not above specified fhall pay, in the dominions of the two fovereigns, the import and export duties payable in each of the faid dominions by the most favoured European nations, at the time the prefent treaty bears date; and the fhips belonging to the fubjects of the faid dominions fhall alfo refpectively enjoy therein all the privileges and advantages which are granted to thofe of the moft favoured European nations.

And it being the intention of the two high contracting parties, that

their respective subjects should be in the dominions of each other upon a footing as advantageous as thofe ef other European nations, they agree, that in cafe they fhall hereafter grant any additional advantages in navigation or trade to any other European nations, they will reciprocally allow their faid fubjects to participate therein; without prejudice, however, to the advantages which they referve, viz. France in favour of Spain, in confequence of the 24th article of the family compact, figned the 10th of May, 1761, and England according to what he has practifed in conformity to, and in confequence of the convention of 1703, between England and Portugal.

And to the end that every perfon may know, with certainty, the ftate of the aforefaid impofts, cuftoms, import and export duties, whatever they may be, it is agreed, that tariffs, indicating the impofts, cuftoms, and established duties, fhall be affixed in public places, as well in Rouen and the other trading cities of France, as in London and the other trading cities under the dominion of the king of Great Britain, that recourfe may be had to them whenever any difference fhall arife concerning fuch impofts, cuftoms, and duties, which thall not be levelled otherwife than in conformity to what is clearly expreffed in the faid tariffs, and according to their natural conftruction. And if any officer, or other perfon in his name, thall, under any pretence, publicly or privately, directly or indirectly, demand or take of a merchant, or of any other perfon, any fum of money, or any thing elfe, on account of duties, impoft, fearch, or compenfation, although

it be under the name of a free gift, or under any other pretence, more or otherwife than what is above prefcribed; in fuch case the faid officer, or his deputy, if he be accused and convicted . the fame before a competent judge, in the place where the crime was committed, thall give full fatisfaction to the injured party, and fhall likewife fuffer the penalty prescribed by the laws.

Art. VIII. No merchandize exported from the countries refpectively under the dominion of their majefties, thall hereafter be fubject to be infpected or confifcated, under any pretence of fraud or defect in making or working them, or of any other imperfection whatfoever; but abfolute freedom fhall be allowed to the buyer and feller to bargain and fix the price for the fame, as they fhall fee good; any law, ftatute, edict, proclamation, privilege,grant, or cuftom to the contrary notwithftanding.

Art. IX. Whereas feveral kinds of merchandizes, which are ufually contained in cafks, chefts, or other cafes, and for which the duties are paid by weight, will be exported from and imported into France by British fubjects; it is agreed, that in fuch cafe, the aforefaid duties fhall be demanded only according to the real weight of the merchandizes; and the weight of the casks, chefts, and other cafes whatever, fhall be deducted, in the fame manner as has been, and is now practifed in England.

Art. X. It is further agreed, that if any mistake or error fhall be committed by any mafter of a fhip, bis interpreter or factor, or by any other employed by him, in making the entry or declaration of her cargo, neither the thip nor the cargo

fhall

fhall be fubject, for fuch defect, to confifcation; but it fhall be lawful for proprietors to take back again fuch goods as were omitted in the entry or declaration of the mafter of the fhip, paying only the accuftomed duties according to the placart, provided always that there be no manifeft appearance of fraud: neither fhall the merchants or the mafters of fhips, or the merchandize, be fubject to any penalty, by reafon of fuch omiffion, in cafe the goods omitted in the declaration hall not have been landed before the declaration has been made..

Art. XI. In cafe either of the two high contracting parties fhall think proper to eftablith prohibitions, or to augment the import duties upon any goods or merchandize of the growth or manufacture of the other, which are not specified in the tariff, fuch prohibitions or augmentations thall be general, and fhall comprehend the like goods and merchandizes of the other moft favoured European nations, as well as thofe of either ftate; and in cafe either of the two contracting parties thall revoke the prohibitions, or diminith the duties in favour of any other European nation, upon any goods or merchandize of its growth or manufacture, whether on importation or exportation, fuch revocations or diminutions fhall be extended to the fubjects of the other party, on condition that the latter fhall grant to the fubjects of the former the importation and exportation of the like goods and merchandizes under the fame duties; the cafes referved in the VIIth article of the prefent treaty always excepted.

Art. XII. And forafmuch as a certain ufage, not authorized by any law, has formerly obtained in divers

parts of Great Britain and France, by which French fubjects have paid in England a kind of capitation tax, called in the language of that country, head-money; and English fubjects a like duty in France, called argent du chef; it is agreed that the faid impoft fhall not be demanded for the future, on either fide, neither under the ancient name, nor under any other name whatfoever.

Art. XIII. If either of the high contracting parties has granted, or fhall grant, any bounties for en-, couraging the exportation of any articles, being of the growth, pro-. duce, or manufacture of his dominions, the other party fhall be allowed to add to the duties already impofed, by virtue of the prefent treaty, on the faid goods and merchandizes imported into his dominions, fuch an import duty as thall be equivalent to the faid bounty. But this ftipulation is not to extend to the cafes of reftitutions of duties and impofts (called drawbacks), which are allowed upon exportation.

Art. XIV. The advantages granted by the prefent treaty to the fubjects of his Britannic majefty fhall take effect, as far as relates to the kingdom of Great Britain, as foon as laws fhall be paffed there for fecuring to the fubjects of his Moft Chriftian majefty the reciprocal enjoyment of the advantages which are granted to them by the present treaty.

And the advantages granted by all these articles, except the tariff, fhall take effect, with regard to the kingdom of Ireland, as foon as laws fhall be paffed there for fecuring to the fubjects of his Moft Chriftian majefty the reciprocal enjoyment of the advantages which are granted

to

to them by this treaty; and, in like manner, the advantages granted by the tariff fhall take effect, in what relates to the faid kingdom, as foon as laws fhall be paffed there for giving effect to the said tariff.

Art. XV. It is agreed, that fhips belonging to his Britannic majefty's fubjects, arriving in the dominions of his Moft Chriftian majefty, from the port of Great Britain or Ireland, or from any other foreign port, fhall not pay freight duty or any other like duty. In the fame manner, French fhips fhall be exempted in the dominions of his Britannic majefty, from the duty of five fhillings, and from every other fimilar duty or charge.

Art. XVI. It shall not be lawful for any foreign privateers, not being fabjects of either crown, who have tommiffions from any other prince or ftate, in enmity with either nation, to arm their fhips in the ports of either of the faid two kingdoms, to fell what they have taken, or in any other manner whatever to exchange the fame; neither fhall they be allowed even to purchase victuals, except such as shall be neceffary for their going to the nearest port of that prince from whom they have obtained commiffions.

Art. XVII. When any difpute fhall arife between any commander of a fhip and his feamen, in the ports of either kingdom, concerning wages due to the faid feamen, or other civil caufes whatever, the magiftrate of the place fhall require no more from the perfon accused, than that he give to the accufer a declaration in writing, witneffed by the magiftrate, whereby he fhall be bound to answer that matter before a competent judge in his own country; which being done, it shall not VOL. XXVIII.

be lawful for the feamen to defert their fhip, or to hinder the com mander from profecuting his voyage. It fhall moreover be lawful for the merchants in the places of their abode, or elsewhere, to keep books of their accounts and affairs, as they fhall fee fit, and to have an intercourfe of letters, in fuch language or idiom as they thall chufe, without any moleftation or fearch whatsoever. But if it fhould hap pen to be neceffary for them to produce their books of accounts for deciding any difpute or controver fy, in fuch cafe they fhall be obliged to bring into court the entire books or writings, but fo as the judge may not have liberty to take cognizance of any other articles in the faid books than fuch as thall relate to the affair in queftion, or fuch as fhall be neceffary to give credit to the faid books; neither fhall it be lawful, under any pretence, to take the faid books or writings forcibly out of the hands of the owners, or to retain them, the cafe of bankruptcy only excepted. Nor fhall the fubjects of the king of Great Britain be obliged to write their accounts, letters, or other inftruments relating to trade, on ftamped paper, except their daybook, which, that it may be produced as evidence in any law-fuit, ought, according to the laws which all perfons trading in France are to obferve, to be indorfed and attested gratis by the judge, under his own hand.

Art. XVIII. It is further agreed and concluded, that all merchants, commanders of fhips, and others, the fubjects of the king of Great Britain, in all the dominions of his moft Chriftian majefty in Europe, fhall have full liberty to manage [S]

their

their own affairs themselves, or to commit them to the management of whomfoever they pleafe; nor fhall they be obliged to employ any in-. terpreter or broker, nor to pay them any falary, unless they fhall chufe to employ them. Moreover, mafters of fhips thall not be obliged, in loading or unloading their thips, to make use of those perfons who may be appointed by public authority for that purpote, either at Bourdeaux or elsewhere; but it fhall be entirely free for them to load or unload their fhips by themfelves, or to make ufe of fuch perfon or perfons in loading or unloading the fame, as they fhall think fit, without the payment of any reward to any other whomfoever; neither fhall they be forced to unload into other fhips, or to receive into their own, any merchandize whatever, or to wait for their lading any longer than they pleafe. And all the fubjects of the Moft Chriftian king fhall reciprocally have and enjoy the fame privileges and liberties, in all the dominions of his Britannic majefty in Europe.

Art. XIX. The fhips of either party being laden, failing along the coafts of the other, and being forced by ftorm into the havens or ports, or making land there in any other manner whatever, fhall not be obliged to unlade their goods, or any part thereof, or to pay any duty, unless they, of their own accord, unlade their goods there, and fell fome part thereof. But it thall be lawful, permilion having been firft obtained from thofe who have the direction of maritime affairs, to unlade and fell a fmall part of their cargo, merely for the end of purchafing neceffaries, either for victualling or refitting the thip; and

in that cafe the whole lading fhall not be fubject to pay the duties, but that fmall part only which fhall have been taken out and fold.

Art. XX. It shall be lawful for all the fubjects of the king of Great Britain, and of the Most Christian king, to fail with their thips, with perfect fecurity and liberty, no diftinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandizes laden thereon, from any port whatever, to the countries which are now, or fhall be hereafter at war with the king of Great Britain, or the Moft Chriftian king. It shall likewife be lawful for the aforefaid fubjects to fail and traffic with their fhips and merchandizes, with the fame liberty and fecurity, from the countries, ports, and places of those who are enemies of both, or of either party, without any oppofition or disturbance whatfoever, and to pafs directly not only from the places of the enemy afore-mentioned to neutral places, but aifo from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurifdiction of the fame, or of several princes. And as it has been ftipulated concerning fhips and goods, that every thing ihall be deemed free, which fhall be found on board the thips belonging to the fubjects of the respective kingdoms, although the whole lading, or part thereof, thould belong to the enemies of their majefties, contraband goods being always excepted, on the ftopping of which fuch proceedings thall be had as are conformable to the fpirit of the following articles; it is likewife agreed, that the fame liberty be extended to perfons who are on board a free thip, to the end that, al

though