upon the negotiations and upon the personality of Sir Henry Bulwer, obtained from the Clayton Papers, in the Library of Congress. This work is not what is called a "war book"; that is, it was not written with a view to forming public opinion on any phase or feature of the present world war. It was begun and, but for some revision and amplification, was finished before this unprecedented contest commenced. The enactment of a treaty consists of a number of distinct steps or stages: (1) the preparation of a draft, or protocol, (2) the signing, (3) the ratification, and (4) the exchange of ratifications. Being thus completed and sanctioned, the treaty is proclaimed or published. This may be necessary to its going into effect, but ordinarily a treaty becomes effective on the exchange of ratifications. A treaty is said to be concluded when it is signed. It is customary to designate treaties by the date of their signing, but in these pages they are designated by the date of the exchange of their ratifications, when known. Besides the three maps accompanying the work, an ordinary map of Central America may be found helpful in the perusal of Chapters III, IV and V. JOHN BIGELOW. 125 E. 57 Street, New York, January 23, 1917. CHAPTER PREFACE TABLE OF CONTENTS I FIRST TREATY OF PEACE (1783 AND 1784). TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION (JAY TREATY, II SECOND TREATY OF PEACE (TREATY OF GHENT, 1815). CONVENTION FOR INDEMNITY UNDER THE AWARD OF THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA (1823). RUSH-BAGOT AGREEMENT (1818). CONVENTION RESPECTING FISH- 1. British settlements and dominions in the Caribbean Sea 2. .The Mosquito Shore before and after it ceased to be a |