and of California, the Apache, Pawnee, Arikara, Wichita, Cree, and Cheyenne. Several collections from North America have also been acquired through purchase, notably a large collection of buffalo-hide shields from the Pueblo tribes, a number of painted buffalo robes, a very important collection from the village of Wushuum of the Chinook of Washington, and about 250 fine old baskets from tribes hitherto not well represented in the Museum's collections.

The acquisition of new specimens from the many tribes above enumerated has made necessary the reinstallation of the material. The most important rearrangements are to be found in the collections from the Northwest coast and California, which are now completely installed, with the exception of the Mission Indian collection. The Northwest Coast collection occupies in this present arrangement 88 cases and is one of the most imposing collections in the Museum. The reinstallation of the California collection was made possible by the transfer of the Museum lectures to the city, the collection being now installed in about 50 cases in the old lecture hall. Space is not available in the hall, however, for the Mission collection, which will be exhibited in an adjoining room. The Arapaho collection, which is now very complete and extensive, is as yet only partially installed; while the Cheyenne collection, equally important in certain respects and even more extensive, is not yet installed. Certain rearrangements have been made in the Hopi hall, rendered necessary by the acquisition of new material consisting almost exclusively of dance paraphernalia.

Since 1903 the department has been acquiring, at a gradually increasing rate, material from countries other than North America. One of the most important collections thus obtained was made by Allayne Ireland, who visited Borneo and the neighboring territory under the joint auspices of the Field Museum and the University of Chicago. As a result of this expedition the department acquired a very large collection from British Borneo, the Malay peninsula, and Burma. On his visit to Europe last year the curator acquired by purchase a number of valuable collections, among the most important of which is one made by Professor Rudolf Martin of Zürich, which formed the illustrations for his great work on the Malay peninsula. Other collections of importance have been acquired

from Australia, German and English New Guinea, and Admiralty, New Ireland, New Britain, Matty, Durour, Hervey, Fiji, Samoa, and Marshall and Gilbert islands. At the same time collections were obtained from Benin, West Africa, and Togo Hinterland. From several islands of the Pacific a limited number of specimens was secured, especially from the Marquesas, Hawaii, Easter island, Tonga, the Carolines, and New Zealand. In addition to the few specimens procured from New Zealand was a large Maori house consisting of 88 pieces. In the autumn of last year there was acquired by purchase a collection, numbering about 8,000 objects, from Professor Frederick Starr of the University of Chicago. This acquisition, the result of many years of collecting on the part of Professor Starr, comprises such material as the Peñafiel collection of Mexican objects, and that obtained during three years' investigation in the ruins of Tlacotepec. There is also included in this collection a large number of valuable specimens illustrating the ethnology of the Tonkawa, Sauk and Foxes, and Iroquois, and a small archeological collection from the Southwest including a very rare cliff-dwelling spear-thrower in an excellent state of preservation. Also forming a part of Professor Starr's collection is an extensive series of objects illustrating the ethnology of the more primitive tribes of Mexico, and about 140 busts of Indians of New Mexico and Mexico, made under Professor Starr's personal supervision.

The opportunity afforded by the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St Louis in 1904 was taken advantage of, and at the end of the exposition there were acquired, through either gift or purchase, collections which will be named in order of their probable importance: An archeological collection from Calchaqui, Argentina, and one from Egypt; ethnological collections from German East Africa, Ceylon, Siam, Yesso, India, New Zealand, Tibet, the Soudan, and the Pigmy tribes of equatorial Africa. The great opportunity presented by the presence of a large number of primitive people at St Louis was seized by the official photographer of the Museum, who spent five months on the Exposition grounds, during which time more than 3,000 negatives were made, including two or three positions of all the American tribes, as well as those from the Philippines, Asia, and Africa, together with photographs of their habitations and industries.

At the same time material was secured for the construction of eight groups in miniature exhibiting primitive life. The department coöperated with the American Museum of Natural History and secured more than 50 busts, made from life molds, of some of the most interesting representatives at the exposition. During the early months. of the exposition, Dr Newcombe of the Department of Anthropology was in charge of representatives of two tribes of the Northwest coast, and brought them to Chicago for several weeks' stay, rendering valuable assistance in the identification of material which, up to that time, it had not been possible to classify properly.

During the last four years the department has been enriched by certain gifts, the most important of which are worthy of mention. Chief among these is that of Mr Cummings, of which notice will be made presently. Mr Stanley McCormick has very generously continued to support the Hopi investigations. From Mr Martin A. Ryerson, vice-president of the board of trustees, has been received a large and interesting collection of objects illustrating the life of the lake-dwellers of Switzerland. Mr Ryerson has also generously made possible the acquisition, by exchange with the Berlin Museum, of part of Dr Koch's Brazilian collection. From the J. L. James estate were secured a handsome and valuable Egyptian sarcophagus of a late period and seven mummy cases containing mummies, and a large number of smaller objects of the time of the Romans.

Since 1902 the Anthropological Department of the Museum has issued the following publications: "The Oraibi Snake Dance," "The Oraibi Oáqol Ceremony," "Oraibi Natal Customs," "Hopi Proper Names," "Hopi Mythology," all by H. R. Voth; "Traditions of the Crows," by S. C. Simms; "Traditions of the Arapaho," by G. A. Dorsey and A. L. Kroeber; "The Sun Dance of the Arapaho, Ponca and Cheyenne," "The Ceremonial Organization of the Cheyenne," and "Traditions of the Osage," by G. A. Dorsey. It seems proper in this connection to note that investigations carried on by the curator have been printed by the Carnegie Institution as follows: "The Mythology of the Wichita," "The Traditions of the Caddo," and "The Traditions of the Arikara." An additional volume, also a portion of the Carnegie investigation, has been published as the eighth volume of Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore

An

Society under the title "The Traditions of the Skidi Pawnee." additional volume has been prepared and was recently transmitted to the Carnegie Institution for publication under the title "The Mythology of the Pawnee." This volume will be printed in two parts, part II to contain the text and music of 60 songs, and an examination of the elements of the mythology of the Caddoan tribes as compared with those of other tribes of North America. The material for another volume resulting from the Carnegie investigation is at hand and its preparation well under way; this treats of the social and ceremonial organization of the Pawnee. The curator has also been engaged for four years in an investigation of the Arapaho, the results of which will be ready for publication during the forthcoming winter. It is expected that at least two additional volumes will be necessary to complete the results of the Stanley McCormick expedition among the Hopi. Dr Newcombe is now engaged in the preparation of certain monographs which will present the result of his special investigations on the North Pacific coast.

For the immediate future many of the investigations above noted will be continued in North America. The most important new field of research to be undertaken is the Philippine islands. This investigation has been made possible through the generosity of Mr Robert Fowler Cummings, who has presented the sum of $20,000 to the Museum to defray the expenses of a systematic survey of the many tribes of the islands. This work will be carried on by Dr William Jones and Mr F. C. Cole, and will require from four to six years for its completion.

The untimely death of Mr Marshall Field in January made a profound impression on the officers of the Museum. Those of the scientific staff of the Museum who knew Mr Field were greatly encouraged by the constantly increasing interest which he manifested in the institution as it grew from year to year. It seems apparent that originally Mr Field's interest in the Museum was indefinite, and that he gave a million dollars in the beginning largely because he was asked and urged by his friends to perform a public act; but as he saw the institution grow, especially as he recognized the constantly increasing interest manifested by the teachers and children of the public schools, and as he saw the institution gain its

share of the respect and confidence of the scientific world, his enthusiasm grew in proportion. During the last few years of his life there was practically nothing done in the Museum of which he was not cognizant. He took great interest in the plans for the new building, and it is a source of keen regret to the officers of the Museum that he did not live to see them carried into execution. The essence of the character of Mr Field, honesty and intensity of purpose, seems more and more to have dominated the Museum, and it is perhaps due to the inspiration furnished by Mr Field's life that it has been able to accomplish what it has done in the brief space of twelve years. After the death of Mr Field it was found that he had left the sum of $8,000,000 for the Museum, of which it is proposed to spend three or four millions for a building, reserving the remainder as a maintenance fund. To be added to this source of income is a fund, which will be available as soon as the Museum enters its permanent quarters, obtained by taxation in that part of Chicago under the control of the South Park commissioners. Thus the future income of the Museum will be in all probability between $200,000 and $250,000 per annum. Its position therefore seems assured. In recognition of Mr Field's interest in the Museum, and in consideration of the fact that the institution had outgrown its former World's Fair character, the trustees recently decided, and it seems wisely, to change the name from Field Columbian Museum to Field Museum of Natural History. Thus due honor is still paid the illustrious. founder, and the public is at once informed as to the Museum's character and function.

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

The Free Museum of Science and Art of the University of Pennsylvania has continued to subscribe to the Egypt Exploration Fund and to the Egyptian Research Account, and has shared in the results of these explorations, receiving a series of valuable objects ranging in chronological order from the earliest prehistoric period to the latest dynasties and of great significance not only to students of Egyptian history, but to anthropologists as well.

In 1903 the Second Archeological Expedition to Crete, organized through the American Exploration Society, went out for the