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NEW YORK.

Abrasive. See Corundum, Garnet, and Millstone.

Allanite. Essex County, abundant in Smith mine, Mineville. Westchester County, occurs sparingly at Bedford feldspar quarries.

Almandite. See Garnet.

Apatite (phosphate of lime). Essex County, abundant in Old Red magnetite ores at Mineville, and obtained as by-product in their concentration, botryoidal and fibrous variety (eupyrchroite) near Crown Point. Jefferson County, Vrooman Lake. St. Lawrence County, with calcite at Hammond, also near Gouverneur. Saratoga County, Greenfield. Arsenopyrite (mispickel). Orange County, occurs near Edenville. Putnam County, occurs near Boyds Corner, has been mined near Pine Pond. Asbestos. Dutchess County, found near Pawling. Orange County, near Greenwood Furnace. Putnam County, Phillipstown and Patterson. Richmond County, near Tompkinsville, in Serpentine Hill, Staten Island. Rockland County, Stony Point. Warren County, Thurman.

Barite (heavy spar). Columbia County, occurs at Ancram. Herkimer County, near Little Falls and Fairfield. Jefferson County, has been mined at Pillar Point and near Chaumont. Onondaga County, near Syracuse. St. Lawrence County, Hammond, De Kalb, and Richville. Schoharie County, with strontianite in limestone near Schoharie, also at Carlisle. Bluestone. See Sandstone.

Brown iron ore (limonite, brown hematite). Dutchess County, Amenia mine, the only producer in 1914. Was formerly produced in Columbia County, at Ancram, Boston Corner, Copake, Hillsdale, and Millerton. Dutchess County, at the Dover, Sylvan Lake, and other mines. Orange County, Townsend mine, Cornwall. Richmond County, Castleton, Four Corners, and New Dorp and Todt Hill, Staten Island.

Brucite.

Putnam County, at Brewster, in the Tilly Foster iron mine, well crystallized, also pseudomorphic after dolomite and altered to serpentine. Richmond County. Westchester County, on the peninsula east of New Rochelle.

Celestite. Cayuga County, Auburn. Herkimer County, Starkville. Jefferson County, High Island, Brownville, Depauville, and Theresa. Monroe County, Rochester. Niagara County, Lockport. Oneida County, Clinton. Onondaga County, Syracuse. St. Lawrence County, Rossie lead mines. Schoharie County, Schoharie.

Cement (natural). Natural cement mills are largely being supplanted by those producing Portland cement. Former important producers: Erie County, Akron. Onondaga County, Syracuse, Fayetteville, Manlius, and Jamesville. Schoharie County, Howes Cave. Ulster County, Rosendale and

Lawrenceville.

Cement material (Portland). Limestone and clays used: Cayuga County, Cayuga. Columbia County, at Greenport and Hudson. Greene County, Cementon and Alsen. Schoharie County, Howes Cave. Warren County, Glens Falls. Marls and clay used: Livingston County, near Caledonia. Onondaga County, Jamesville. Steuben County, Wayland.

Cerium metals. See Allanite and Cyrtolite.

Cerusite (lead carbonate). Lewis County, occurs at Martinsburg. St. Lawrence County, sparingly in Rossie lead mines. Westchester County, near Ossining.

Chalcopyrite (copper pyrites). Columbia County, occurs in Ancram lead mine. Orange County, near Edenville. St. Lawrence County, was mined in connection with lead near Rossie and Canton. Sullivan County, abundant with galena near Wurtsboro. Ulster County, Ellenville and Red Bridge lead mines.

Chromite. Orange County, occurs in Clove mine. Putnam County, in serpentine near Peekskill, Richmond County, disseminated in serpentine of Staten Island. Westchester County, disseminated in serpentine at Rye and New Rochelle.

Chromium. See Chromite.

Chrysoberyl. Saratoga County, formerly found abundantly in Greenfield, of gem quality.

Clay (brick). Widely distributed and utilized in nearly every county of the State. Extensively dug in counties bordering Hudson River. Used for tile and terra-cotta ware by firms in Albany, Allegany, Cayuga, Erie, Kings, Livingston, Monroe, New York, Oneida, Orange, Queens, Rensselaer, Rockland, Schenectady, and Steuben counties.

Clay (fire). Richmond County, dug and shipped on Staten Island. Suffolk County, from Long Island.

Clay (kaolin). Dutchess County, dug at Shenandoah.

ville. Ontario County.

Fulton County, North

Saratoga County, Corinth and Batchellerville.

Schenectady County. Westchester County.

Clay (pottery). Dug intermittently in Chemung County, at Elmira. Dutchess County, Amenia. Monroe County, Chili. Oneida County, Utica. Onondaga County, Syracuse, Warner, and Amboy station. Richmond County, Staten Island. Suffolk County, Long Island.

Clay (slip). Albany County, mined and shipped near Albany.

Copper. See Chalcopyrite.

Corundum (emery). Westchester County, mined with spinel near Peekskill and used as abrasive.

Corundum. Orange County, blue and white varieties occur in limestone near Amity.

Cyrtolite. Westchester County, found at Bedford feldspar quarries, utilized. Diabase. See Trap.

Diatomaceous earth. Herkimer County, dug at Wilmurt. Suffolk County, occurs at Cold Spring Harbor.

Diopside. Essex County, partly serpentinized in marble at Port Henry. St. Lawrence County, De Kalb township (used as a gem).

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Feldspar. Essex County, crushed pegmatite quarried for use in the manufacture of roofing material, and as poultry grit, at Crown Point and Ticonderoga. Fulton County, orthoclase and microcline for use in pottery mined near Northville. Saratoga County, has been mined at Batchellerville and Corinth. Westchester County, at Bedford and North Castle. Flagstone. See Limestone (building) and Sandstone.

Fluorspar.

Cayuga County, occurs sparingly at Auburn. Clinton County, abundant in Palmer Hill mine and occurs at Finch ore bed. Essex County, Burton Hill mines, Mineville. Jefferson County, Muscalonge Lake, Alexandria Bay. Lewis County, Lowville. Monroe County, Rochester. Niagara County, Lockport. Onondaga County, Fayetteville, and Manlius. Orange County, Amity and Edenville. Putnam County, Tilly Foster iron mine, Brewster. St. Lawrence County, De Kalb, Fine, Gouverneur, Hammond, and Macomb. Warren County, Johnsburg.

Galena. Columbia County, has been mined at Ancram. Lewis County, occurs at Martinsburg. Orange County, has been mined at Phoenix lead-zinc mine near Otisville. St. Lawrence County, has been mined at Rossie and vicinity, and occurs in limestone at Balmat mine between Edwards and Gouverneur, at Donovan mine at Macomb. Sullivan County, has been mined at Wurtsboro. Ulster County, has been mined at Ellenville and Red Bridge. Washington County, occurs at White Creek. Westchester County, has been mined near Ossining.

Garnet (almandite). Essex County, mined at Mount Bigelow, near Keeseville. St. Lawrence County, is an abundant constituent of many Adirondack gneisses; has been mined near Gouverneur. Warren County, the largest and most important production in the county is made near North River; mined also at Johnsburg and Riparius; used as abrasive material. See Natural gas.

Gas.

Granite. Abundant in eastern part of State; quarried at many places. Clinton County, Dannemora and West Chazy. Essex County, Ausable Forks and Keeseville. Franklin County, St. Regis Falls. Fulton County, Gloversville. Herkimer County, Little Falls. Jefferson County, Antwerp, Alexandria Bay, Clayton, Grindstone Island, Picton Island, Redwood, and Wellesley Island. Orange County, Cornwall, north end of Mount Adam, Pine Island, and Warwick. Putnam County, at Cold Spring, Garrison, Phillipstown, and at several places on southwest side of Breakneck Mountain north of Cold Spring. Rockland County, Piermont, Stony Point, Round Island. Saratoga County, Corinth, Hadley, Saratoga Springs. Warren County, Glens Falls. Westchester County, Ardsley, Glenville, New Rochelle, Peekskill, Scarsdale, Valhalla, Yonkers, and elsewhere.

Graphite (plumbago). Clinton County, occurs near Saranac River. Dutchess County, occurs south of Fishkill Landing. Essex County, has been mined at Bear Pond, town of Ticonderoga, 7 miles southwest of Crown Point Center, and at Lead Hill, near Ticonderoga. Orange County, occurs at Duck Cedar Pond. Putnam County, occurs near Carmel. Saratoga County, mined at Conklingville and at Porter Corners, town of Greenfield. Warren County, mined at Graphite. Washington County, has been mined on South Bay, town of Dresden. Westchester County, occurs near Peekskill.

Gypsum. Found throughout central and western parts of State, in the Salina formation of the Silurian. Used for calcined plasters, agricultural plaster, and for admixture in Portland cement. Quarries in Cayuga County, at Union Springs. Erie County, Akron. Genesee County, Oakfield. Madison County, Clockville. Monroe County, Wheatland, Garbutt, and Mumford. Onondaga County, Jamesville, Fayetteville, Manlius, and Camillus. Ontario County, Victor and Port Gibson. Small quarries for local use at other places.

Hematite (red iron ore). Hematite associated with schists and limestone has been mined. Jefferson County, near Philadelphia, and Antwerp. St. Lawrence County, near De Kalb, Rossie, Hermon, and Somerville. Iron ore of Clinton formation outcrops through Herkimer, Monroe, Niagara, Oneida, Orleans, Oswego, and Wayne counties; mined at Clinton, Oneida County, and at Ontario, Wayne County.

Ilmenite (titanic iron). Associated with gabbro-anorthosite intrusions in Clinton, Essex, Franklin, and Warren counties. Some attempts at smelting these ores have been made.

Infusorial earth. See Diatomaceous earth.

Iron. See Brown iron ore, Chromite, Hematite, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, and Siderite.

Labradorite (feldspar). Essex County, quarried for ornamental purposes near

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Limestone (building). Limestones locally used for building. Producing quarries in Albany, Cayuga, Clinton, Erie, Genesee, Greene, Jefferson, Lewis, Madison, Monroe, Montgomery, Niagara, Onondaga, Rensselaer, St. Lawrence, Schoharie, Seneca, Ulster, and Warren counties.

Limestone (crushed stone). Quarried in Albany County, at Ravena. Cayuga County, Auburn. Clinton County, Chazy and Plattsburg. Columbia County, on east outskirts of Hudson. Dutchess County, New Hamburg and Stoneco. Erie County, Depew, Lancaster, and elsewhere. Essex County, Westport. Fulton County, Mayfield. Genesee County, North Leroy. Greene County, Catskill. Herkimer County, Jacksonburg and Jordanville. Jefferson County, Chaumont, Watertown, and near Clayton. Lewis County, small quantity at Lyon Falls. Madison County, Perryville and Blakeslee. Monroe County, Rochester. Montgomery County, Amsterdam and vicinity, and Cranesville. Niagara County, Lewiston, Lockport. Oneida County, Higginsville and Sauquoit. Orange County, Cedar Cliff. Onondaga County, East Onondaga, near Syracuse, Jamesville, and elsewhere. Ontario County, Canandaigua. Orleans County, Medina. Rensselaer County, Troy. Rockland County, Tompkins Cove. Saratoga County, Stillwater Center and near Saratoga. Schenectady County, Pattersonville. Schoharie County, Cobleskill and Schoharie. Seneca County, Waterloo and Seneca Falls. Ulster County, Kingston. Warren County, Glens Falls. Washington County, Sandy Hill, Smiths Basin, and Whitehall. Westchester County, Verplanck. Limestone (flux). Quarried for flux in Cayuga County, at Auburn. Clinton County, Chazy. Erie County, Buffalo, Clarence, and Williamsville. Essex County, Port Henry. Genesee County, Leroy. Niagara County, Pekin. St. Lawrence County, Gouverneur. Suffolk County, Greenport. Limestone (lime). Burned in Albany, Cayuga, Clinton, Dutchess, Erie, Fulton, Genesee, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Monroe, Niagara, Onondaga, St. Lawrence, Ulster, Warren, Washington, Westchester, and other counties. Limonite. See Brown iron ore.

Magnesite (carbonate of magnesia).

Orange County, occurs at Warwick.

Richmond County, New Dorp. Rockland County, Stony Point. Westchester County, near Rye and New Rochelle.

Magnesium. See Brucite.

Magnetite (magnetic iron ore). Large deposits in Adirondack region. Principal producers are the Mineville, Port Henry, Lyon Mountain, Salisbury, and Benson mines. Workable bodies occur at many other places, as at Arnold mines, Clinton County. Lenticular ore bodies in gneiss mined in Orange County at Lake Montgomery.

Manganese. See Pyrolusite, Rhodonite, and Wad.

Marble. Clinton County, fossiliferous limestone has been quarried for orna

mental work at Plattsburg and Chazy. Dutchess County, white marble quarried at South Dover and Wingdale. Essex County, Minerva. New York County, was formerly quarried at Kingsbridge and Tremont. Orange County, formerly quarried at Warwick. Putnam County, was quarried at Towners Four Corners. St. Lawrence County, Colton, white,

gray, and mottled marbles are quarried at Gouverneur. Warren County, black marble is quarried at Glens Falls. Westchester County, is quarried at Ossining and Tuckahoe; old quarries at Hastings and Sparta. Marl. Large deposits in Onondaga and Madison counties. Deposits also found in Albany, Columbia, Dutchess, Greene, Orange, Ulster, and Wayne counties; used as fertilizer, Cayuga County, occurs at Montezuma. Onondaga County, Warner. Steuben County, used for Portland cement at Wayland.

Menaccanite. See Ilmenite.

Mica (muscovite). Generally present in pegmatites, of which several are listed under Feldspar (p. 222). Essex County, obtained as by-product of feldspar mines at Crown Point, used for roofing. Orange County, found at Edenville. Saratoga County, suitable for grinding at Batchellerville feldspar quarry and found at Greenfield. St. Lawrence County, has been mined near Oswegatchie. Westchester County, found at Pleasantville. Millstone. Ulster County, Shawangunk conglomerate quarried at several

localities. Mineral paint.

Manufactured from shales, iron ore, slate, and talc. Cattaraugus County at Randolph, from red shales of Chemung formation. Delaware County, red shales of Catskill formation at Roxbury. Oneida County, red iron ore mined at Clinton. Otsego County, hematite at Oneonta. St. Lawrence County, hematite. Washington County, Cambrian red slate. Wayne County, Clinton hematite at Ontario. Molybdenite. Clinton County, occurs at Lyon Mountain. Orange County, West Point and near Warwick. Putnam County, Tilly Foster mine; sparingly in granite.

Natural gas.

Produced in 15 counties of the State. Principal fields in Allegany, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, and Erie counties. The number of producing gas wells at the close of 1910 was 1,411; at the close of 1914, 2,031 wells.

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Peat. Occurs in bogs of various sizes throughout the State. Some of the larger bogs are the Montezuma marshes and Cowaselon swamp, in central New York, and the Drowned Lands of the Wallkill, in southeastern New York. Small production for fertilizer near Fishkill and at Hopewell Junction. Fuel plant formerly near Watertown but destroyed by fire. Petroleum. The total production in the State in 1914 was 938,974 barrels, valued at $1,760,868, the production being derived from 10,516 wells. Productive horizon in Upper Devonian sandstones. The principal producing fields are Allegany County, near Andover, Bolivar, Wirt, and other towns. Cattaraugus County, Allegany, Carrollton, and Olean townships. Erie and Steuben counties are minor producers. Platinum. Clinton County, a nugget found at Plattsburg.

Pyrite.

Erie County, occurs along Eighteenmile Creek. Essex County, associated with graphite in Ticonderoga mines. Franklin County, in large bed at Duane. Jefferson County, with hematite in serpentine at Philadelphia and with schist at Oxbow, Antwerp, and Keene station. Lewis County, at Martinsburg. Putnam County, Phillipstown, Patterson, and near Ludington Mill. St. Lawrence County, with crystalline limestones and schist, is mined at Hermon and Gouverneur. Sullivan County, with galena in Wurtsboro lead mine.

27C08-Bull, 621

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