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TENNESSEE.

Alum. Abundant in caverns (rock houses) in Cannon, Coffee, Dekalb, Franklin, Giles, Jackson, Lincoln, Overton, and Putnam counties. Sevier County, Alum Cave.

Aluminum. See Bauxite.

Asbestos.

Johnson County, in small quantity.

phalt (bitumen). Hickman County, Perrys, on fork of Blue Buck Creek, in ses limestone.

Azurite.

unty, Ducktown copper mines.

Barite. Common in most of the limestone areas of east and middle Tennessee. Cocke County, has been mined at Delrio. Davidson County, gangue of lead mine near Haysborough. Greene County, 12 miles from Greeneville in veins in dolomite. Monroe County, mined at Sweetwater. Smith County, has been mined near Trousdale Ferry and Lebanon road. Has been mined also in Bradley, Greene, Jefferson, Loudon, McMinn, Monroe, and Washington counties.

Bauxite. Carter County, mined at Elizabethton. Hamilton County, mined at Missionary Ridge, near Chattanooga, and used chiefly in the manufacture of aluminum salts and compounds.

Brown iron ore. Widespread and extensively mined in east Tennessee. Brown hematite.-Eastern iron-ore region across State from Virginia to Georgia, in Blount, Carter, Cocke, Greene, Johnson, Monroe, Polk, Sevier, Sullivan, and Washington counties. The ores occur in matrix of clay, sand, chert, and débris of disintegrated rocks, mostly in Knox dolomite. Blount and Monroe counties, almost inaccessible. Carter County, Dove River Cove banks. Cocke County, Whitehall, Pecks Mountain, and elsewhere. Greene County, several banks of manganiferous ore near Unaka Furnace. Johnson County, Crockett's, Sharp's, and other banks, south foot of Holston Mountain, Laurel Creek valley, and Butler Furnace banks. McMinn County, Tellico Plains, several deposits. Polk County, in gossan at Ducktown copper mines. Sevier County. Sullivan County, at Crockett bank and other places in eastern part of county. Washington County, deposits in Bumpass Cove and Greasy Cove. Limonite.-Widespread in middle Tennessee and is produced in the region west of the Central Basin. Occurs in Benton, Decatur, Dickson, Hardin, Hickman, Houston, Humphreys, Lawrence, Lewis, Montgomery, Perry, Stewart, and Wayne counties; mines at Allens Creek, Ferro, Iron City, Pinkney, Riverside, and West Point.

Calamine. Claiborne County, occurs in Knox dolomite, near Tazewell. Hancock County, in many places, with smithsonite. Jefferson County, associated with smithsonite and blende in Knox dolomite at Mossy Creek. Union County, near New Prospect, and at Stiner's zinc mine; Powell River, with smithsonite in irregular veins in Knox dolomite. Occurs at other localities in Bradley, Cocke, Jefferson, Knox, Loudon, Monroe, and Moore counties in valley of east Tennessee. Calcite. Polk County, Ducktown mines. Smith County, Foley mine. 8 miles west of Carthage.

Cement (natural). Hardin County, argillaceous limestone mined at Clifton, good grade natural cement. Knox County, calcareous shales used for natural cement.

Cement material (Portland). Limestone along east front of Cumberland Plateau, in Sequatchie Valley, and on west front of plateau; quarried at Richard City, Marion County. Limestone and shale suitable for Portland cement abundant in eastern and middle Tennessee.

Cerusite. Blount, Bradley, McMinn, Union, Washington, and other counties, secondary mineral of lead ore, not mined; occurs as accessory mineral with galena.

Chalcanthite (blue vitriol). Polk County, small quantity in ores of Ducktown district.

Chalcocite (copper glance). Polk County, small quantity in ores of Ducktown

district.

Chalcopyrite (copper pyrites). Polk County, in massive pyrrhotite of Ducktown ore bodies, carries gold and silver.

Chert. Abundant in Knox dolomite in the valley of east Tennessee and in Fort Payne formation and St. Louis limestone (Carboniferous) on edge of basin of middle Tennessee; mined for road metal at Centerville, Hickman County, and elsewhere.

Chert (Camden, novaculite). Benton County, near Camden. Used for road making throughout west Tennessee.

Clay (ball). Campbell County, Newcomb. Carroll County, McKenzie. Henry County, Henry, India, Puryear, and Whitlock. Also reported at Moscow, Fayette County.

Clay (brick). Brick and tile clays occur in all parts of the State. Clays of fine variety are mined at several points in the west part. Mined in Bedford County, at Shelbyville; Blount County, Maryville and Scottsville; Bradley County, Cleveland; Carroll County, McKenzie; Carter County, Elizabethton; Cheatham County, Ashland City; Coffee County, Tullahoma; Crockett County, Gadsden; Davidson County, Nashville; Dekalb County, near Smithville; Dickson County, small quantity, Dickson; Dyer County, Dyersburg; Franklin County, Winchester; Gibson County, Brownsville, Eaton, Humboldt, Milan, and elsewhere; Giles County, Pulaski; Greene County, Greeneville and Mohawk; in Grundy County; Hamblen County, Morristown; Hamilton County, Chattanooga; Hardeman County, Bolivar and Whiteville; Henderson County, Lexington; Henry County, Paris and Puryear; Jefferson County, Jefferson City; Knox County, Byington, Dedie, Edgewood, Knoxville, and elsewhere; Lauderdale County, Gates, Halls, and Ripley; Lawrence County, Lawrenceburg; Lewis County, Hohenwald; Lincoln County, Fayetteville; McMinn County, Englewood; Madison County, Gilmore; Macon County, small quantity near Lafayette; Marshall County, Lewisburg; Maury County, Columbia; Monroe County, Sweetwater; Montgomery County, Clarksville; Obion County, Obion, Rives, and Union City; Polk County, Benton; Putnam County, Cookeville; Rhea County, Dayton; Rutherford County, Eagleville and Murfreesboro; Scott County, Robbins; Sevier County, Seviersville; Shelby County, Memphis and New South Memphis; Sullivan County, Bristol; Sumner County, Portland; Tipton County, Covington; in Van Buren County; Warren County, McMinnville; Weakley County, Gleason, Greenfield, and Martin; White County, Sparta; Wilsor County, Lebanon.

Clay (fire). Has been mined in Bradley County at Cleveland; Campbell County, Newcomb; Carroll County at McKenzie; Hamilton County, St. Elmo; Henry County, Puryear Houston and Stewart counties; in district between Central Basin and Tennessee River; Knox County, Powell station; Madison County, Gilmore and Pinson; Putnam County; Rhea County, near Evansville; Roane County, Oliver Springs.

Clay (kaolin). Carroll and Carter counties, small quantities. Henry County. Sperta. Stewart County, has been mined at Tennessee kaolin mines.

Clay (pottery). Carroll County, near Hico and Hollow Rock and at McKenzie. Fayette County, La Grange. Hardeman County, Grand Junction. Henry County, Puryear and Henry. James County, Summit. Madison County, Pinson. Rhea County, Graysville.

Clay (stoneware). Carroll County. Cocke County, has been mined at Delrio, Hardeman County, Grand Junction. Putnam County, small quantity formerly mined at Silver Point. Weakley County, formerly mined near Gleason.

Coal (bituminous). Occurs extensively over the Cumberland Plateau. The State is divided into two districts, the northern and southern, by the Tennessee Central Railroad. These districts are also known as the Jellico and Chattanooga districts. The Jellico coal district is divided into the northeastern and northwestern fields by the line of the Queen & Crescent Route. In the northeastern field, between the Queen & Crescent line and the Cumberland Mountain escarpment, coal is mined at the following places: Anderson County, Briceville, Coal Creek, and Windrock. Campbell County, Anthras, Black, Careyville, Chaska, Cotula, Cupp, Elk Valley, Jellico, Kimberley, La Follette, Morley, Newcomb, Peabody, Red Ash, Remy, Rich Mountain, Turley, Westbourne, Wynn. Claiborne County, Clairfield, Eagan, Fonde, Fork Ridge, Hartranft, Nicholson, and Pruden. Morgan County, Coalfield, Petros, and State mines. Roane County, Oliver Springs and Rockwood. Scott County, Almy, Glenmary, Helenwood, Laxton, and Le Moyne. In the northwestern field, which lies north of the Tennessee Central Railroad and west of the Queen & Crescent line and includes parts of Cumberland, Fentress, Morgan, Overton, Pickett, Putnam, and Scott counties, coal is mined at the following places: Cumberland County, Isoline; formerly mined at Fall, Millstone, and Mammys creeks, east side of Crab Orchard Mountain, and attempted at Crab Orchard but abandoned because too badly crushed. Fentress County, Wilder. Overton County, Crawford, Obey City, and old Murdock opening, 1 mile south of Cook place. Scott County, Bear Creek. The southern district, south of the Tennessee Central Railroad, includes nearly all of Bledsoe, southern Cumberland, Grundy, Marion, Sequatchie, and Van Buren counties, eastern part of White County, and western Hamilton, Rhea, and Roane counties. Some of its coals are coking. In Bledsoe County coal is mined at Atpontley and on Stephen Gap road, and openings have been made at numerous places along the west boundary of the county. Cumberland County, coal worked only for local use at small banks. Franklin County, formerly mined at Sewanee; worked out. Grundy County, mined at Coalmont, Clouse Hill, and Tracy City. Hamilton County, mined at Montlake, Sale Creek, Soddy, and every few miles on Walden Ridge. Marion County, mined at Orme and Whitwell; large body of coal undeveloped by lack of transportation. Rhea County, mined at Dayton, Grand View, and Graysville. Sequatchie County, mined at Dunlap. Van Buren County, mined at Gillentine, Olio, Roverton Springs, Spencer, and at many small banks for local use. White County, mined at Bon Air, Eastland, and Ravenscroft.

Coal (lignite). See Lignite.

Cobalt.

Hickman County, in wad at numerous points near Centerville. Copper. See Azurite, Chalcanthite, Chalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Cuprite, Mala. chite, Melaconite, and Tetrahedrite.

Cuprite. Polk County, small quantity in ores of Ducktown district.

Dolomite. Common rock of the Central Basin and the valley of east Tennessee.

Epsomite.
Cave.
Flagstone.

At many places with alum and copperas. Sevier County, Alum

See Limestone and Sandstone.

Fluorspar. Carter County, Watauga Point. Smith County, Foley mine, about 8 miles west of Carthage. Trousdale and Wilson counties, small quantities mined.

Galena (lead ore). With zinc ores in vicinity of Powell River and other parts of east Tennessee, and sparingly at several places in middle Tennessee. Bradley County, 20 miles east of Chattanooga and also at Blue Springs, 6 miles south of Cleveland, where it has been mined. Claiborne County, Straight Creek, 5 miles southwest of New Tazewell, has been mined with zinc. Davidson County, has been mined. Polk County, in minute quantities in ore bodies of Ducktown mines. Washington County, disseminated in grains in rock of Bumpass Cove. Williamson County, has been mined near Nolansville. Also found in Blount, McMinn, and Union counties.

Gas. See Natural gas.

Glauconite. See Marl.

Gold. By-product from copper ores.

Gold (lode and placer). Monroe County, Whippoorwill Branch of Tellico River, has been mined.

Gold (placer). Blount County, has been mined in Montvale Springs and back of Chilhowee Mountain. Monroe County, Coker Creek. Polk County. Granite.

In all the counties along the eastern border of the State. Max Patch and Cranberry granites in Carter, Cocke, Greene, Johnson, and Unicoi counties. Carter County, Ripshin Mountain on Doe River.

Graphite. Knox County, with zinc ores, in small quantities. Polk County. associated with copper ores, Ducktown.

Gravel. Along most of the streams of the State as stream and terrace gravel. Also in the clays of Highland River and in abundance on the hills between Highland and Tennessee rivers. Wayne County, enormous quantity of chert gravel (Tuscaloosa formation) on crests of hills and along streams. Used on Clifton-Waynesboro pike.

Gypsum. In small quantities in many caves. Grays Cave, northern part of Sumner County.

Halite (common salt). Salt has been worked in White County, 3 miles from Sparta. Overton County, at Obey River. Brine has been found in most of borings for petroleum in middle Tennessee, in Anderson, Jackson, Overton, Van Buren, and Warren counties.

Hematite. Occurs in Bledsoe, Bradley, Campbell, Claiborne, Cocke, Grainger, Hamilton, Hancock, Henderson, James, Loudon, Marion, McMinn, Monroe, Rhea, Roane, Sequatchie, and Sullivan counties. Mined in Carter County, Stony Creek Valley; McMinn County, east of Athens.

Iron. See Brown hematite, Brown iron ore, Hematite, Magnetite, Mineral paint, Oriskany brown ore, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite, and Siderite. See Cerusite, Galena, and Mineral paint.

Lead.

Lignite.

In Eocene deposits of west Tennessee; extensive in Dyer, Johnson, Lauderdale, Obion, Shelby, and Tipton counties.

Limestone. Important building stone. Also used for lime, cement, flux, concrete, road metal, and fertilizer. The most common rock of the east Tennessee Valley and of middle Tennessee. Quarries: Blount County, Maryville. Bradley County, Charleston. Campbell County, Lafollette. Carter County, Milligan. Cumberland County, Crab Orchard. son County, Newsoms station, Fullers siding, and Nashville.

DavidDecatur

County, Perryville. Dickson County, Iron Hill. Franklin County, Sherwood and Winchester. Giles County, Aspen Hill, Harwell, and Riversburg. Hamilton County, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, and Shepherd. Hickman County, Bon Aqua, Centerville, and Warner. Houston County, Erin. Jefferson County, Jefferson City and Straw Plains. Knox County, Bearden and Knoxville. Lawrence County, quarried at Lawrenceburg and Iron City. Loudon County, Lenoir City. Marion County, Guild, Hales Bar Dam near Chattanooga, and Richard City. Marshall County, Chapel Hill. Maury County, Carters Creek, Columbia, and Culleoka. Montgomery County, Clarksville. Overton County, Windle. Rhea County, Dayton. Roane County, Harriman and Rockwood. Robertson County, Adams and Springfield. Rutherford County, Murfreesboro. Smith County, Rome. Stewart County, Carlisle. Sullivan County, Bluff City and Elkanah. Sumner County, Gallatin, near Goodlettsville, and Hendersonville. Trousdale County, Hartsville. Union County, Maynardville. Wayne County, Allens Creek, argillaceous limestone (Hermitage limestone) has been quarried at Clifton and yields good grade natural cement. White County, Doyle. Wilson County, Lebanon.

Limestone (flagging). Quarried: Knox County, near Knoxville, blue flags. Morgan County, near Montgomery. Wilson County, Lebanon. Limestone (flux). Quarried: Carter County, Milligan. Claiborne County, Cumberland Gap. Hickman County, Bon Aqua. James County, Ooltewah. Lawrence County (Brassfield limestone), reported to contain 17 per cent metallic iron; formerly quarried at Iron City. Lewis County (Niagaran limestone), formerly quarried at Riverside. Montgomery County, Clarksville. Rhea County, Dayton. Roane County, Rockwood. Washington County, Embreeville. Wayne County (Niagaran strata), on Forty-eight Creek (St. Louis limestone), southeast of Waynesboro on head of Hurricane Creek.

Limonite. See Brown iron ore.

Lithographic stone. Clay, Jefferson, McMinn, and Overton counties. Putnam

County, at Algood. Not used commercially.

Magnetite. Blount County, float found in eastern part of county. Carter County, in older rocks of mountain spurs near Crab Orchard Valley. Cocke and Unicoi counties.

Malachite. Monroe County, Buck Miller mine. Polk County, small quantities in ores of Ducktown district. Manganese. Bradley County, 9 miles from Cleveland. Cocke County, in vicinity of Newport and Delrio. Johnson County, Shady Valley. Unicoi County, Unicoi. Small deposits reported from Carter, Greene, and Sevier counties, and in Hamblen County near Morrison; has been mined at Whitfield, Hickman County; occurs also in Lawrence and Wayne counties. See also Psilomelane, Pyrolusite, and Wad.

Marble. Abundant in State and of excellent quality in the valley of east Tennessee. Occurs in Anderson, Blount, Claiborne, Coffee, Cumberland, Franklin, Grainger, Greene, Hamblen, Hancock, Hawkins, Knox, Lincoln, Loudon, McMinn, Monroe, Roane, Sevier, Union, and Washington counties. Quarried in Blount County at Friendsville, near Knoxville and Meadow. Knox County, Caswell, Concord, Hercules, Knoxville, McMillan, and at confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers. Hawkins County, has been quarried at Galbraith Springs and Rogersville. Union County,

Luttrell.

Marble (onyx). Small quantity found in caves, especially in Anderson and Claiborne counties.

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