blue to black, in Stanley shale, extensively prospected in southeastern part of county.

Smithsonite (zinc carbonate). Most valuable and next to sphalerite most abundant ore of zinc in Arkansas; “turkey fat," a cadmiferous variety of smithsonite, mined in small quantity.

Soapstone. See Talc.

Sphalerite (zinc blende). Most important and abundant zinc mineral in northern Arkansas. In mines in Boone, Newton, Marion, Baxter, Searcy, Sharp, Lawrence, Pulaski, Sevier, Saline, Montgomery, and Washington counties. Lawrence County, with calamine and smithsonite in Bath and Koch mines. Marion County, in limestone at Wood's mine. Pulaski County, Kellogg mines.

Stibnite (antimony sulphide). Sevier County, in Stewart mine, May mine, Convoy shaft, Gulch shaft, Antimony Bluff shaft, and Otto mine; was mined for silver in Bob Wolf mine; also found in Pike County. Strontium. See Celestite.

Sunstone. Hot Spring County, pink or gray; occasionally found in Magnet Cove; cut for ornaments.

Syenite. Garland County, nephelite syenite at Potash Sulphur Springs.

Pulaski

County, nephelite syenite (“gray granite") outcrops over an area about a mile square and pulaskite (“blue granite") over an area of about 5 square miles in the Fourche Mountain region south of Little Rock. Nephelite syenite is quarried at west base of Allis Mountain, and pulaskite has been quarried on north slope of Fourche Mountain. Hot Spring County, elæolite syenite quarried at Diamond Jo quarry in Magnet Cove region; suitable for ornamental interior use. Saline County, occurs in large masses, light gray, pinkish, or buff; quarried.

Talc (soapstone). Pulaski County, at Wallis's soapstone quarry. Saline County, has been quarried between Little Rock and Hot Springs; no production in 1915.

Titanium. See Brookite, Octahedrite, and Rutile.

Tripoli (polishing powder). The porous siliceous residue resulting from decay of siliceous limestone occurs in zinc region. Montgomery County, T. 4 S., R. 26 W., reported good quality. Marion County, reported abundant at Lees Mountain; not used. Occurs as decomposed novaculite in Hot Spring, Garland, Howard, Montgomery, Pike, and Polk counties. Variscite. Montgomery County, translucent and transparent, emerald to bluish green; not mined.

Vesuvianite. Hot Spring County, yellowish-green to olive-green crystals in Magnet Cove; not mined.

Wad (bog manganese). Izard County, north fork of White River. Marion County, about Dodd City; unimportant. Common but of no particular value in northern Arkansas.

Wavellite. Garland County, near Hot Springs. Hot Spring County, associated with the upper novaculite beds at Magnet Cove. Montgomery County, in Silver City region and neighboring districts.

Whetstone. See Novaculite.

Zinc.

In plateau portion of Ozark uplift, including parts of Baxter, Boone,
Lawrence, Marion, Newton, Searcy, Sharp, and Washington counties;
in western Arkansas, including parts of Pulaski, Montgomery, and
Sevier counties; mines scattered; deposits chiefly in Ordovician rocks.
See also Calamine, Hydrozincite, Smithsonite, and Sphalerite.

CALIFORNIA.

Agalmatolite (pyrophyllite). San Diego County, near Encinitas.

Agate (moss). San Bernardino County, jaspery agate in San Bernardino Mountains; not mined.

Alabaster. Riverside County, in Palen Mountains. San Luis Obispo County, at Arroyo Grande. Santa Barbara County, has been mined at Point Sal; occurs in eastern part of county. See Gypsum.

Altaite. Calaveras County, with hessite and petzite at the Stanislaus mine, Nevada City, in bunches in the Ural vein, intergrown with native gold and associated with quartz pyrite and galena. Tuolumne County, occurred at the Golden Rule mine, near Tuttletown; also at Sawmill Flat. Aluminum. See Bauxite and Halloysite.

Alum salts. See Kalinite.

Alunite. Mariposa County, Tres Cerritos Buttes, southwest of Indian Gulch. Alunogen. Alameda County, Alma mine, Leona. Nevada County, Providence mine, Nevada City. San Luis Obispo County, near Paso Robles. Amalgam. Mariposa County, gold amalgam; quoted by Dana.

Amblygonite. San Diego County, was mined at Stewart mine, near Pala.
Amethyst. Amador County, Volcano and Oleta and vicinity; Mono County,
Bodie district.

Anglesite. Inyo County, found in oxidized zone of Cerro Gordo mines and at
the Modoc mine. Mono County, Benton mine, with galena.
Anhydrite. Inyo County, at the Ygnacio and Cerro Gordo mines. Mono
County, at the Mammoth mine, Mineral Hill, associated with barite.
Orange County, in the Santa Ana Mountains, near Anaheim. Riverside
County, Palen Mountains. San Bernardino County, at Searles Lake.
Shasta County, Rising Star mine.

Antimony. Kern County, has been mined in San Emigdio Canyon, and near
Havilah. Riverside County, occurs near Corona. Is obtained in anti-
monial lead as a by-product in smelting gold-lead-silver ores of the State.
See also Bournonite, Jamesonite, Stibiconite, and Stibnite.

Apatite (asparagus stone). Contra Costa County, found in brown masses in the schists north of Berkeley. San Bernardino County, east end of Kingston Range. San Diego County, Dos Cabezas mine, near Jacumba, not mined; in the gneiss at Dehesa, with dumortierite; tabular crystals of violet and pink colors occur at the old Mack mine near Rincon; at Victor mine, Rincon, pale dirty-green crystals occur; crystals are found on South Mountain and at Mesa Grande. Apophyllite (fish-eye stone). Plumas County, white to gray at Buckeye mine

near Orion Valley. San Francisco County, found rarely at Fort Point. San Mateo County, near La Honda. Santa Clara County, at New Almaden quicksilver mines, in large crystals associated with gyrolite and bituminous matter.

Aquamarine. See Beryl.

Argentite. The primary silver mineral in many of the silver districts, generally associated with other silver minerals. Alpine County, Silver Mountain district; small octahedral crystals have come from the Advance mine. Inyo County, common in some mines, especially at Cerro Gordo; massive and crystalline specimens have been found in the Oriental mine; Deep Spring mine. Kern County, crystals associated with native silver in the Silver King mine near Garlock; with tetrahedrite and pyrargyrite at the Amalie mine. Los Angeles County, Kelsey mine; San Gabriel Canyon,

associated with native silver, erythrite, smaltite, and annabergite; at Silverado with argentiferous galena. Mono County, sparingly in Bodie and Benton districts, with gold, tetrahedrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and galena; in Sweetwater Range, north of Bridgeport, the mines contained argentite, with gold, cerargyrite, tetrahedrite, and native silver. Nevada County, in the Allison Ranch mine near Nevada City. San Bernardino County, produced by the silver districts but not in general abundant; New York Mountains, near Manvel, Old Imperial and Tip Top mines, and the Lava Beds districts have produced crystals; occurs with cerargyrite in the Calico and Barstow districts.

Arsenic. Concentrates sent to smelters from some of the Mother Lode mines contain much arsenopyrite. The arsenic in the ore is mostly oxidized, volatilized, and condensed in the fume chambers, where it accumulates. Arsenolite. Alpine County, with enargite at Exchecquer and Monitor mines. San Bernardino County, large masses occurred with gold at Amargosa mine.

Arsenopyrite. Amador County, New Hope mine, Quartz Mountain mines, and in the mines between Jackson and Mokelumne Hill, Calaveras County, near Angeles and in the mines along the Mother Lode, high in gold content. Eldorado County, Florence mine, near Placerville and near Georgetown. Kern County, mined for gold in Sunshine and La Crosse mines, southeast of Randsburg. Madera County, commonly associated with coarse gold, as at Gambetta mine; the Sumner, Confidence, Relief, and other old mines, near Kernville and Havilock, contained auriferous arsenopyrite. Madera County, in mines near Coulterville; danaite with erythrite was found in the Josephine mine, Bear Valley. Mono County, common in the Lundy district, carrying gold. Nevada County, in the Betsy mine, Grass Valley, and in the Meadow Lake district, with danaite. Placer County, common in Ophir gold-silver veins. Plumas County, in Pilot Hill gold mine, 6 miles northwest of Gibsonville. San Diego County, in the Julian district. Sierra County, Tightner mine, and in many mines of the Mother Lode; common in gold mines of East Lode; the chief gold-bearing mineral at Alleghany and containing a high percentage of gold; in the Golden King mine on Kanaka Creek it is said to have occurred with gold telluride. Tulare County, in the Mineral King district. Asbestos (chrysotile). Reported through prospects from northwestern border of serpentine belt extending from Plumas County south through Sierra, Nevada, Placer, Amador, and Calaveras counties; was mined in Butte and Riverside counties, and near Auburn, Placer County. Inyo County, masses of the variety known as paligorskite, mountain leather, and mountain cork occur in the Swansea district and in Craigs Canyon on the east slope of the Inyo Mountains. Placer County, large masses occur at Wisconsin Hill and Arizona Flat. Shasta County, mined at Sims; a few tons were mined on Mears Creek, near Hazel Creek post office, in 1913. Trinity County, reported 15 miles northeast of Carrville. Tuolumne County, near Chinese Camp and Montezuma; the paligorskite or mountain cork variety at Sawmill Flat and on Table Mountain. Asphalt. Considerable deposits of asphaltic sandstone in following counties: Kern County, in the McKittrick and Sunset oil fields. Los Angeles County, the most noted deposit in the State on the Rancho de la Brea. Mendocino County, near Point Arena. Monterey County, southeast of Metz, northeast of King City, west of San Ardo, and west

of Bradley. San Luis Obispo County, south of San Luis Obispo. Santa Barbara County, along the coast west and east of Santa Barbara, and in the Santa Maria district in the Casmalia Hills, on Graciosa Ridge, east of Sisquoc, and in the Purisima Hills. Santa Cruz County, north of Santa Cruz. Ventura County, in the Ojai Valley. Also numerous small deposits of maltha and asphalt scattered through the Coast ranges. Aurichalcite. Inyo County, in Cerro Gordo mine, as plumose aggregates and long prismatic crystals associated with calamine and chrysocolla. Axinite. Eldorado County, Cosumnes copper mines near Fairplay; thin-bladed masses of violet-colored axinite occur in veins near Glen Alpine. Inyo County, occurs in the Funeral Mountains and in the Owl Mountains and at several places in Death Valley. Riverside County, in quarry near Riverside. San Diego County, mined near Bonsall, associated with quartz, epidote, and laumontite.

Azurite (blue carbonate of copper). Calaveras County, at the old Hughes mine. Eldorado County, with other copper ores in Alabaster Cave mine near Newcastle. Inyo County, in Ubehebe district. Also in copper ores in Calaveras, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, San Bernardino, and Shasta counties. Barite (heavy spar). Inyo County, occurs massive near Independence; at the Defiance mine with native sulphur; white massive at Bishops Creek, White Mountains; veins in the Alabama Range. Los Angeles County, occurs white near Azusa. Mariposa County, in veins in slate at El Portal; a large deposit occurs about 2 miles west of El Portal, which has produced much of the mineral mined in the State; undeveloped deposits also occur. San Bernardino County, common as a gangue mineral in the mines of the Bismark and Calico district near Barstow; in north end of Colorado River Indian Reservation, in the Whipple Mountains, 10 miles north of Parker, Ariz. (associated with calcite), in vertical fissure veins up to 3 feet in width in Tertiary or Quaternary basalt and associated sandstone; has not been prospected. San Mateo County, massive barite has been found on Permanente Creek. Santa Barbara County, white massive at Santa Maria. Trinity County, dark gray, occurs about 15 miles below Hay Fork.

Basalt.

Abundant and widespread. Used extensively for road metal. Bauxite. Riverside County, near Riverside; Yuba County, 2 miles southeast of Smartsville, white and red.

Benitoite. San Benito County, in southeastern part, 35 miles northwest of Coalinga; associated with serpentine.

Bentonite. Kern County, 4 miles north of Randsburg.

Berthierite. Tuolumne County, heavy ledges of dark ore, which appears to be an impure berthierite mixed with galena, pyrite, and quartz, occur in schists on the southeast slope of Mount Gibbs.

Beryl. Riverside County, fine yellow and green beryls at Coahuila, and rose crystals near Hemet. San Diego County, aquamarine variety mined intermittently at Pala, Rincon, Mesa Grande, and Ramona; yellow, green, and blue crystals occur in the Palomar Mountains 9 miles southeast of Pala. Tuolumne County, Jamestown (reported).

Bismuth. San Bernardino County, southeast of Banning, in veins; San Diego County, Pala, Rincon, in pegmatite.

Bismuthinite. Madera County, a constituent of the ores at the Minarettes. Mono County, at Oasis, with bismutite. Riverside County, at the Lost Horse mine.

Bismutite. Fresno County, occurred at the Second Sierra and Lot One mines. Inyo County, Big Pine Creek; Antelope Springs, Deep Spring Valley. Los Angeles County, white earthy bismutite has been found. Mono County, at Oasis. San Diego County, Pala, Rincon, as an alteration of bismuth in pegmatite.

Bituminous rock. Kern, Mendocino, Monterey, Santa Barbara, San Benito, Santa Cruz, San Luis Obispo, and Ventura counties. See also Asphalt. Bloedite. San Luis Obispo County, in Soda Lake about 50 miles east of San Luis Obispo.

Bloodstone. San Bernardino County, south end of Brown Mountain; Death Valley region, cut for gems.

Borax.

Has been produced from the waters of Borax and Hachinhama lakes, in Lake County. Deposits of the marsh type were formerly extensively worked at numerous localities in Inyo, Kern, and San Bernardino counties. Deposits of the calcium borate mineral, colemanite, are now being worked in Ventura, Los Angeles, and Inyo counties, and similar deposits have formerly been worked in San Bernardino County. See also Colemanite and Ulexite.

Bornite. Calaveras County, at Campo Seco and Copperopolis. Del Norte County, with other copper ores in Low Divide district; common in the mines at head of Copper Creek. Eldorado County, mined at Cosumnes copper mine and Pioneer mine; occurs at Alabaster Cave and Pioneer mines, near Newhall; at Slug Gulch, with chalcopyrite and massive green epidote; at Georgetown, with massive garnet. Inyo County, in mines of the Inyo and Ubehebe districts. Los Angeles County, in the Meadow Valley district. Mono County, Tioga mine and Benton district. Nevada County, Mineral Hill, California mines. Plumas County, common form of copper ore in Lights Canyon, Genesee Valley, and Indian Valley, at the Shoofly and Peters mines. San Bernardino County, occurs at Tiptop mine, Lava Beds district. Santa Clara County, near Lexington. Shasta County, Bully Hill, Afterthought mines, Copper City, and Iron Mountain.

Bournonite. Inyo County, massive at Cerro Gordo mine.

Braunite (silico-oxide of manganese). Plumas County, Meadow Valley.
Brea. Kern, Los Angeles, and Ventura counties.

Brochantite. Calaveras County, at Copperopolis; Inyo County, Cerro Gordo mine.

Brown iron ore (limonite, brown hematite). Is present in every county. Alameda County, mixed with hematite is common as a gossan capping of the pyrite deposit at Leona Heights. Amador County, in concretions and earthy masses at Pine Grove, with hematite and magnetite at Volcano. Butte County, large blocks at Burns Creek; thick masses at the Monarch mine; cubes at Red Hill and Magalia. Calaveras County, common in mines southeast of Campo Seco, near Valley Spring, Esmeralda, and Murphy; massive and yellow ocher at the Eureka mine, near Valley Springs; the Detert deposit near Valley Springs was formerly worked. Inyo County, pseudomorphs after long prisms of stibnite from the Cerro Gordo mine. Mariposa County, fine large cubes have come from the Chowchilla Valley. Placer County, has been mined with magnetite; at Hotaling, iron-ore deposits 6 miles north of Auburn; occurs at Gold Run. Plumas County, massive in Lights Canyon and at Nelson Point. Riverside County, Eagle Mountain and near Dale. San Bernardino County, prospects in Cave Canyon area north of Scott station. San Luis Obispo