which is determined by the concurrent testimony of the Irish and Welsh authorities, would indicate that she was one of the youngest of the grand-daughters of Brychan. There is a chapel subject to Llanarthne in Carmarthenshire, called Capel Llanlleian, and probably named in honour of this person, unless the words be taken to mean simply "the chapel of the nun."

10. Nefydd, daughter of Brychan, and wife of Tudwal Befr. One of the authorities in the Myvyrian Archaiology says she was a saint at Llechgelyddon in North Britain; but this statement arose probably from confounding her with Nefydd, the grandson of Brychan, already mentioned, and it is, perhaps, the same mistake which led Llwyd to say that Tudwal was a prince of some territory in Scotland."* The connexions of Nefydd and her husband appear to have been confined to Wales. The churches ascribed to Tudwal have been enumerated already, and to Nefydd may be attributed the foundation of Llannefydd in Denbighshire. Besides her son, Cynin, who was the founder of Llangynin in Carmarthenshire, she appears to have had another, called Ifor ab Tudwal, of whom nothing more is recorded than that he was a saint. The Cognacio confounds Nefydd with Goleu or Goleuddydd.

11. Rhiengar, or according to others, Cyngar, is said to have been a saint at Llech in Maelienydd, and to have been the mother of Cynidr, a saint of Maelienydd ;† but there are no means of deciding whether she ought to be placed in the list of the daughters, or the grand-daughters. Maelienydd is the ancient name of a district in Radnorshire, a subdivision of which, or of the adjoining district of Elfael, was

a proof of the general veneration, in which Columba was then held, as well by sovereigns as by the clergy and the people, that he was the person selected to perform the ceremony of inauguration on the accession of the new king."-Moore's History of Ireland, Chap. XII. The defeat of Aeddan at Arderydd probably took place some years before his elevation to the kingdom of the Scots.

+ Jones's Brecknockshire, Vol. I. p. 53.

once called Llech Ddyfnog ;* and though the situation of the latter is uncertain, the statement on record+ that Cynidr was buried at Glasebury, may assist in determining it. Llangynidr, and Abery scir, two churches in Brecknockshire, of which Cynidr may have been the founder, are dedicated to him jointly with the Virgin Mary; and under the former of them there was once a chapel called Eglwys Vesei.

12. Goleuddydd, a saint at Llanhesgin in Gwent, the modern designation of which place is unknown; and it would appear from the Cognacio and Llewelyn Offeiriad, that Goleuddydd was only another name for Nefydd, the wife of Tudwal Befr.

13. Gwenddydd, a saint at Tywyn in Merionethshire ;§ but other authorities, who give her the name of Gwawrddydd, state that she was the wife of Cadell Deyrnllug,|| and consequently the mother of Cyngen, who is already described as having married one of the grand-daughters of Brychan.

14. Tydïe, a saint "yn y Tri gabelogwar," which the Historian of Brecknockshire interprets to mean that she lived at Capel Ogwr or Ogmore Chapel, formerly subject to St. Bride's Major, Glamorganshire.

15. Elined, the Almedha of Giraldus Cambrensis, who says that she suffered martyrdom upon a hill called Penginger near Brecknock, which the Historian of that county, so often

* Ancient Surveys of Wales in the Myv. Archaiology, Vol. II, + Jones's Brecknockshire, Vol. I. p. 47, & 343.

Called Llanfair a Chynidr, or the church of St. Mary and Cynidr, in the list of Parishes in Wales in the Myv. Archaiology. The double dedication of Aberyscir may be learnt from Jones's Brecknockshire, Vol. I. p. 47; where it may be observed that Cressy and others have confounded Cynidr with Cenydd or St. Kenneth.

§ See Cadfan, infra

|| Myv. Archaiology, Vol. II. p. 43.

* Ibid. Vol. II. p. 54.

quoted, identifies with Slwch. "Crug gorseddawl,"* mentioned after the name of Elined in the Myvyrian Archaiology, has been taken for Wyddgrug or Mold in Flintshire; but it may be no more than a descriptive appellation of Slwch, on which there were lately some remains of a British Camp.t Cressy, speaking of St. Almedha, says "This devout virgin, rejecting the proposals of an earthly prince, who sought her in marriage, and espousing herself to the eternal king, consummated her life by a triumphant martyrdom. The day of her solemnity is celebrated every year on the first day of August.”

16. Ceindrych, or according to Bonedd y Saint, Ceindreg, lived at Caergodolaur, a place at present unknown; but the Cognacio states that Kerdech lived at Llandegwyn, which is the name of a church dedicated to another saint in Merionethshire.

17. Gwen, grand-daughter of Brychan, and wife of Llyr Merini, by whom she was the mother of Caradog Fraichfras. Llewelyn Offeiriad says she was buried at Talgarth, Brecknockshire, where according to the Truman MS. she was murdered by the Saxons. Ecton calls her St. Gwendeline.

18. Cenedlon, "a saint on the mountain of Cymorth." It does not appear where this mountain is situated, but from the association of Cenedlon, Cymorth, and their sister Clydai, it may be looked for in the neighbourhood of Newcastle in Emlyn.

19. Cymorth, from whom the mountain just mentioned derives its name, was a daughter of Brychan, and is said to have lived in Emlyn,‡ a district divided between the present counties of Carmarthen and Pembroke. In the Cambrian

* Crug gorseddawl-"the hill of judicature."-Dr. Pughe's Welsh Dictionary.

+"Elyned in monte Gorsavael, quæ pro amore castitatis martyrizata est."-Cognacio, in Jones's Brecknockshire.

“Cymorth 'ch Brychan a'i chwaer Clydai gyda hi yn Emlyn." Myv. Archaiology, Vol. II. p. 35.

*

Biography she is called Corth, and stated to have been the wife of Brynach Wyddel, by whom she was the mother of Gerwyn, already mentioned, together with his sisters, Mwynen, Gwennan, and Gwenlliw.

20. Clydai, the sister of Cymorth and Cenedlon, and the reputed founder of a church, called Clydai, in Emlyn. Her festival is Nov. 1.†

21. Dwynwen, the founder of a church in Anglesey called Llanddwynwen or Llanddwyn. By the Welsh bards she has been considered the patron saint of lovers. Her commemoration occurs on the twenty fifth of January.

22. Ceinwen, a saint to whom the churches of Llangeinwen and Cerrig Ceinwen in Anglesey are ascribed. As this and the preceding person are omitted in several of the lists of the children of Brychan, it may be presumed they were his granddaughters. The wake of Ceinwen was observed on the eighth of October, which is also the feast day of Ceneu, another member of this redoubtable family. Llangeinwen has one chapel, Llangaffo (St. Caffo.)

23. Tydfyl, a daughter of Brychan, is by some authorities confounded with Tanglwst already mentioned. She suffered martyrdom at a place, which from that circumstance has been called Merthyr Tydfyl. According to the Cambrian Biography, upon the authority of the Truman MS. she met her father, when he was an old man, attended by some of her brothers, whereupon they were beset by a party of Saxons and Gwyddyl Ffichti, and she, her father, and her brother Rhun Dremrudd, were murdered; but Nefydd the son of Rhun, then a youth, exerted himself in raising the force of the country, and afterwards put the enemy to flight.-Such is the

* Voce Gerwyn.

+ The list in Bonedd y Saint is corrupt in this place, and omits Clydai, which is restored from a separate notice in the same record, thereby increasing the number of reputed children to fifty.

Voce Tydfyl.

brief account; but it is remarkable that no memorials have been preserved of these early inroads of the Saxons into South Wales, except a few scattered notices in the Welsh genealogies. They appear to have been repeated at various intervals from about the year 460 to 500, during which time it is generally agreed that the Saxons and Picts were in alliance; and the former, whose piratical character is acknowledged, were not unlikely to land on the western coasts of the island, where the Gwyddyl Ffichti, or Irish Picts, would aid their progress into the interior. But this is merely a suggestion in support of accounts not inconsistent in themselves; and if it be too much to insist at once that the notices alluded to are authentic, the possibility of their truth is a subject worthy of investigation. The day of the commemoration of St. Tydfyl is the twenty third of August.

24. Enfail, a saint at Merthyr Enfail, which a writer in the Cambro Briton states is in Carmarthenshire; and if his assertion be correct, the place in question may be the church of Merthyr near Carmarthen.

25. Hawystl-lived at Caer Hawystl, supposed by the Historian of Brecknockshire to be Awst in the county of Glou

cester.

26. Tybïe, a saint, of whom it is recorded that she was murdered by pagans at a place in Carmarthenshire, where there is a church still called Llandybïe. Her festival is January 30.

The last specified terminates the lengthy catalogue of the children of Brychan according to Bonedd y Saint. The Cognacio, however, mentions two names which cannot be identified with any of the preceding ;-" Keneython at Kidwelly on the mountain of Kyfor," and "Keurbreit at Caslogwr."* The first has reference to Llangynheiddon, an extinct chapel in the

"Keneython apud Kydwely in monte Kyfor, Keurbreit apud Caslogwr." Jones's Brecknockshire, Vol. I. p. 343.