I have the most animating confidence He was distinguished in the battles of that the present noble struggle for liberty South Mountain and Antietam. Having will terminate gloriously for America. been made major-general of volunteers in And let us play the man for our God, November, 1862, he led a division at Fredand for the cities of our God; while we ericksburg in December; also at Chancelare using the means in our power, let lorsville and Gettysburg, in 1863. Placed us humbly commit our righteous cause to in command of the 2d Army Corps, he led the great Lord of the universe, who lov- it in the campaign of the Army of the eth righteousness and hateth iniquity. Potomac in 1864-65. In August, 1865, And, having secured the approbation of he was made a brigadier-general in the our hearts by a faithful and unwearied discharge of our duty to our country, let us joyfully leave our concerns in the hands of Him who raiseth up and putteth down the empires and kingdoms of the world as He pleases; and, with cheerful submission to His sovereign will, devoutly say:

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Although the fig-tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labor of the olive shall fail, and the field shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls; yet we will rejoice in the Lord, we will joy in the God of our salvation."

Hancock, WINFIELD SCOTT, military officer; born in Montgomery Square, Montgomery co., Pa., Feb. 14, 1824; graduated at West Point in 1844; served in the war with Mexico; and left that country

WINFIELD SCOTT HANCOCK.

quartermaster of his regiment. In September, 1861, he was made brigadier-gencral of volunteers, and served in the campaign on the Virginia peninsula in 1862.

United States army, and in 1866 was brevetted major-general. He was in command of different military departments after the war; and was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for the Presidency of the United States in 1880, when he received 4,444,952 votes, against 4,454,416 for James A. Garfield, the successful Republican candidate. Of him General Grant said: "Hancock stands the most conspicuous figure of all the general officers who did not exercise a separate command. He commanded a corps longer than any other one, and his name was never mentioned as having committed in battle a blunder for which he was responsible." To an adverse critic bluff General Sherman said: "If you will sit down and write the best thing that can be put into language about General Hancock as an offi cer and a gentleman, I will sign it without hesitation." General Hancock died on Governor's Island, New York, Feb. 9, 1886.

Hancock, FORT, one of the most important protective works on the Atlantic coast, established on Sandy Hook, N. J., about 20 miles from New York City, and named in honor of Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock. The locality was first used by the government as a proving-ground for heavy ordnance. The main ship - channel lies directly across the end of the Hook, and through this is the entrance to the lower bay of New York. This consideration suggested the advisability of making the Hook a strong fortified post, and the work was carried on so thoroughly that when war was declared against Spain (1898) Generals Miles and Merritt pronounced Fort Hancock impregnable. At that time four batteries were sent there, and the works, which can scarcely be discerned from sea, were further equipped with two 16-inch disappearing guns, one 8-inch pneumatic dynamite gun, two 12

inch and four 10-inch rifles, and two mor- twelve killed and forty-one wounded. At tar batteries of sixteen guns each.

Hand, EDWARD, military officer; born in Clyduff, King's co., Ireland, Dec. 31, 1744; came to America in the 8th Royal Irish Regiment, in 1774, as surgeon's mate; resigned his post on his arrival, and settled in Pennsylvania for the practice of the medical profession. He joined a regiment as lieutenant-colonel at the outbreak of the Revolution, and served in the siege of Boston. Made colonel in 1776, he led his regiment in the battle on Long Island, and also at Trenton. In April, 1777, he was appointed brigadier - general; and in October, 1778, succeeded Stark in command at Albany. In Sullivan's campaign against the Indians, in 1779, he was an active participant. Near the close of 1780, Hand succeeded Scammel as adjutant-general. He was a member of Congress in 1784-85, and assisted in the formation of the constitution of Pennsylvania in 1790. He died in Rockford, Lancaster co., Pa., Sept. 3. 1802.

Handy, ALEXANDER HAMILTON, jurist; born in Princess Anne, Md., Dec. 25, 1809; was admitted to the bar and settled in Mississippi in 1836. His publications include Secession Considered as a Right; and Parallel between the Reign of James the Second, of England, and that of Abraham Lincoln. He died in Canton, Miss., Sept. 12, 1883.

the same time Marion was smiting the British and Tories with sudden and fierce blows among the swamps of the lower country, on the borders of the Pedee; Pickens was annoying Cruger near the Saluda, and Clarke was calling for the

HANGING ROCK.

Hanging Rock, ACTION AT. After his unsuccessful attack on Rocky Mount, Colonel Sun ter crossed the Catawba, and fell upon a british post at Hanging Rock, 12 miles east of the river, Aug. 6, 1780, commanded by Major Carden. A large number of British and Tories were there. Among the former were the infantry of patriots along the Savannah and other Tarleton's Legion. Sumter soon dispersed Georgia streams to drive Brown from them, when his men scattered through the Augusta. Hanging Rock is a huge concamp, seeking plunder and drinking the glomerate bowlder near the Lancaster liquors found there. Intoxication fol- and Camden highway, a few miles east lowed. The British rallied, and attacked the disordered patriots, and a severe skirmish ensued. The British were reinforced, and Sumter was compelled to retreat; but the British had been so severely handled that they did not attempt to pursue. With a few prisoners and some booty, Sumter retreated towards the Waxhaw, bearing away many of his wounded men. The battle lasted about four hours. Sumter lost

of the Catawba River, in South Carolina. It is a shelving rock, 20 or 30 feet in diameter, lying on the verge of a high bank of a small stream, nearly 100 feet above it. Under its concavity fifty men might find shelter from rain.

Hanna, MARCUS ALONZO, United States Senator; born in Lisbon, O., Sept. 24, 1837; removed to Cleveland in 1852, where he was educated in the common schools

and the Western Reserve College. In ates were repulsed. The Nationals lost 1896 he became chairman of the National about 500 men. Republican Committee. He directed the Republican campaigns of 1896 and 1900,

MARCUS ALONZO HANNA.

Hansbrough, HENRY CLAY; born in Prairie du Rocher, Ill., Jan. 30, 1848; connected with the newspaper press, 1867-89; member of Congress 1889-91; United States Senator from North Dakota in 1891; re-elected in 1897 and in 1903.

Hanson, ALEXANDER CONTEE, editor; born in Maryland, Feb. 27, 1786. While editor of the Federal Republican, in Baltimore, he denounced the administration, and a mob destroyed his printing-office, June 22, 1812. The journal was re-established, and a second mob attacked the building, July 28. Hanson and his party, including Gen. Henry Lee, Gen. James M. Lingan, and others, surrendered on condition that the property was to be protected. The mob attacked the jail, killed General Lingan, wounded General Lee, and left Hanson and others for dead. In 1813 Hanson was elected to Congress, and in 1817 to the United States Senate. He died April 23, 1819.

Hanson, JOHN, legislator; born in Charles county, Md., in 1715; member of the State legislature in 1757-81, and of the Continental Congress in 1781-83, of which he was elected president. He died in Oxen Hills, Md., Nov. 22, 1783.

born in Gloucester, Mass., in 1745. At the beginning of the Revolutionary War he entered the navy; later was made captain and placed in command of the Pickering. He captured a British pri ateer in a night attack in the Bay of Biscay, and defeated another one, of 140 men and forty-two guns. Subsequently he took three armed vessels one after another. It is said that during the war he captured almost 1,000 cannon. He was himself captured with all his ships by Rodney, the English commander in the West Indies, in 1781. He died in Salem, Mass., Nov. 26, 1803.

securing the nomination and election of President McKinley. In 1897 he was elected United States Senator, and was re- Haraden, JONATHAN, naval officer; elected for the term ending 1905. Until his election as chairman of the Republican National Committee Mr. Hanna was not actively interested in politics. He died in Washington, D. C., Feb. 15, 1904. Hanover, BATTLE AT. General Meade's cavalry, during Lee's invasion of Maryland, before the battle of GETTYSBURG (q. v.), was continually hovering on the flanks of the Confederate army. The most dashing of the cavalry officers of that time were Colonels Kilpatrick and Custer. At about the same hour when Buford's division occupied Gettysburg, June 29, 1863, Kilpatrick, passing through Han- Hard-cider Campaign. Political parover, a few miles from Gettysburg, was ties are always seeking catch words to suddenly surprised by Stuart's cavalry, use in a campaign with effect among the then on their march for Carlisle. Stuart least thoughtful of the people. Gen. led in person, and made a desperate charge William Henry Harrison lived in the on the flank and rear of Farnsworth's bri- growing West, and his dwelling had once gade, at the eastern end of the village. A been a log house, at North Bend, where severe battle ensued in the town and on he exercised great hospitality. In the its borders, when Custer joined in the campaign of 1840 a log cabin was fight with his troops, and the Confeder- chosen as a symbol of the plain and un

presiding judge of the court of common pleas in 1875-95. He published American Leading Cases in Law (with Horace B. Wallis), etc.; and was editor of Smith's Leading Cases in Law; White and Tudor's Leuding Cases in Equity; Hare on Contracts; and the New England Exchequer Reports.

of

pretentious Harrison, and a barrel of 1841; became an associate judge of the cider as that of his hospitality. During district court of Philadelphia; and was the campaign, all over the country, in hamlets, villages, and cities, log-cabins were erected and fully supplied with barrels of cider. These houses were the usual gathering-places of the partisans of Harrison, young and old, and to every one hard cider was freely given. The meetings were often mere drunken carousals that were injurious to all, and espe- Harford, HENRY, a natural son cially to youth. Many a drunkard after- Frederick Calvert, the fifth Lord Balwards pointed sadly to the hard-cider timore, who was a man of some literary campaign in 1840, as the time of his de- accomplishments, but of dissolute habits, parture from sobriety and respectability. and who died without lawful issue. He Hardee, WILLIAM JOSEPH, military bequeathed the province of Maryland to officer; born in Savannah, Ga., Oct. 10, this illegitimate son, who was then 1815; graduated at West Point in (1771) a boy at school. Lord Baltimore's 1838, entering the dragoons; and in brother-in-law, Robert Eden, had suc1860 was lieutenant of the 1st Cavalry. ceeded Sharpe as governor of Maryland, In 1856 he published United States Rifle and Light Infantry Tactics, being mainly a compilation from French sources. Resigning in January, 1861, he joined the Confederates, and in June was appointed brigadier-general in their army. For bravery in the battle of SHILOH (q. v.) he was promoted to major - general, and in October, 1862,

and he continued to administer the govcrnment of the province in behalf of the boy, until the fires of the Revolution consumed royalty in all the provinces.

Harker, CHARLES G., military officer; born in Swedesboro, N. J., Dec. 2, 1837; graduated at West Point in 1858, and in the fall of 1861 was colonel of Ohio lieutenant - general. volunteers. He was made brigadier-genHe was very active in military oper- eral in September, 1863. He did good ations in Arkansas, Mississippi, Ten- service in Tennessee and Georgia, espenessee, and Georgia; and after the de- cially in the battle of Shiloh, the siege of feat of the Confederates at Missionary Corinth, the battles of Murfreesboro, Ridge, late in 1863, he succeeded Bragg Chickamauga, and Missionary Ridge. He in the chief command, until relieved by General Johnston. He commanded at Savannah and Charleston at the time of their capture, early in 1865; fought at Averasboro and Bentonville, N. C.; and surrendered with Johnston's army, April 27, 1865. He died in Wytheville, Va., Nov. 6, 1873.

Hardin, JOHN, military officer; born in Fauquier county, Va., Oct. 1, 1753; participated in Dunmore's expedition, and served throughout the Revolution as lieutenant. He removed to Kentucky in 1786, and took part in various expeditions against the Indians. While bearing a flag of truce near Shawneetown, O., he was killed by the Indians, in April, 1792.

Hards. See HUNKERS.

Hare, JOHN INNES CLARK, jurist; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 17, 1817; graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1834; admitted to the bar in

commanded a brigade under General Howard in the Georgia campaign, and distinguished himself at Resaca. He was killed near Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864.

Harlan, JAMES, statesman; born in Clarke county, Ill., Aug. 25, 1820; removed to Iowa in 1853; United States Senator, 1855-65; Secretary of the Interior, 1865-66; United States Senator, 1866-73. He died in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, Oct. 5, 1899.

Harlan, JOHN MARSHALL, jurist; born in Boyle county, Ky., June 1, 1833; graduated at Centre College in 1850; colonel of the 10th Ky. U. S. V., 1861-63; attorneygeneral of Kentucky, 1863-67, when he resumed practice. In 1871 and 1875 he was defeated as the Republican candidate for governor. On Nov. 29, 1877, he became an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court. In 1893 President Harrison appointed him one of the American

arbitrators of the Bering Sea tribunal, which met in Paris.

agent for the territory northwest of the Ohio, and in 1787 Congress made him a brevet brigadier general. On Sept. 29, 1789, he was appointed commander-inchief of the army of the United States, and had charge of an expedition against the Miami Indians in the fall of 1790, but was defeated. Harmar resigned his commission in January, 1792, and was

Harlem Plains, ACTION AT. On the morning of Sept. 16, 1776, the British advanced guard, under Colonel Leslie, occupied the rocky heights now at the northern end of the Central Park. His force was composed of British infantry and Highlanders, with several pieces of artillery. Descending to Harlem Plains, they made adjutant-general of Pennsylvania in

were met by some Virginians un- 1793, in which post he der Major Leitch, and Connecti- was active in furnishing cut Rangers under Colonel Knowlton. A Pennsylvania troops for Wayne's camdesperate conflict ensued. Washington paign in 1793-94. He died in Philasoon reinforced the Americans with some delphia, Aug. 20, 1813. Maryland and New England troops, with At the time of his expedition against whom Generals Putnam, Greene, and the Indians, the British, in violation of others took part to encourage the men. the treaty of 1783, still held Detroit and The British were pushed back to the rocky heights, where they were reinforced by Germans, when the Americans fell back towards Harlem Heights. In this spirited engagement the Americans lost about sixty men, including Major Leitch and Colonel Knowlton, who were killed.

cther Western military posts. British agents instigated the Indians of the Northwest to make war on the frontier settlers, in order to secure for British commerce the monopoly of the fur-trade. This had been kept up ever since 1783, and the posts were held with a hope Harmar, JOSIAH, military officer; born that the league of States would fall to in Philadelphia in 1753; was educated pieces, and an opportunity would be afchiefly in the school of Robert Proud, the forded to bring back the new republic to Quaker and historian; entered the army colonial dependence. Sir John Johnson, as captain of a Pennsylvania regiment in former Indian agent, was again on the 1776; was its lieutenant-colonel in 1777; frontier, and Lord Dorchester (Sir Guy and served faithfully through the war in Carleton) was again governor of Canada, the North and the South. Made brevet which gave strength to the opinion that colonel in the United States army in Sep- the discontents of the Indians were fostember, 1783, he was sent to France in tered for a political purpose. The North1784 with the ratification of the defini- western tribes, encouraged by the British tive treaty of peace. He was made Indian agents, insisted upon re-establishing the