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knight, counsellor of ftate, knight of the royal order of Charles III. who, after having exchanged their refpective full powers, have agreed upon the following articles:

Art. I. It is agreed and concluded between the moft ferene and most potent king of Great Britain, and the most ferene and molt potent, the moft Chriftian king, that there fhall be a reciprocal and entirely perfect liberty of navigation and commerce between the fubjects of each party, in all and every the kingdoms, ftates, provinces, and territories, fubject to their majefties in Europe, for all and fingular kinds of goods, in thofe places, upon the conditions, and in fuch manner and form as is fettled and adjusted, in the following articles:

Art. II. For the future fecurity of commerce and friendfhip between the fubjects of their faid majeftics, and to the end that this good correfpondence may be preferved from all interruption and disturbance, it is concluded and agreed, that if, at any time, there thould arife any mifunderstanding, breach of friendfhip, or rupture between the crowns of their majefties, which God forbid! (which rupture fhall not be deemed to ex ft until the recalling or fending home of the refpeétive ambaffadors and minifters) the fub. jects of each of the two parties refiding in the dominions of the other, fhall have the privilege of remaining and continuing their trade therein, without any manner of disturbance, fo long as they behave peaceably, and commit no offence against the laws and ordinances; and in cafe their conduct fhould render them fufpected, and the refpective governments fhould be obliged to order them to remove, the term of twelve months fhall be

allowed them for that purpose, in order that they may remove, with their effects and property, whether entrusted to individuals, or to the fiate. At the fame time it is to be understood that this favour is not to be extended to thofe who fhall at contrary to the established laws.

Art. III. It is likewife agreed and concluded, that the fubjects and inhabitants of the kingdoms, provinces, and dominions of their majefties, fhall exercife no acts of hoftility or violence against each other, either by fea, or by land, or in rivers, ftreams, ports or havens, under any colour or pretence whatfoever; fo that the fubjects of either party thall receive no patent, commiflion, or inftruction for arming and acting at fea as privateers, nor letters of reprifal, as they are called, from any princes or ftates, enemies to the other party; nor by virtue, or under colour of fuch patents, commilions, or reprifals, fhall they difurb, infeft, or any way prejudice or damage the aforefaid fubjects and inhabitants of the king of Great Britain, or of the moit Christian king; neither shall they arm fhips in fuch manner as is above faid, or go out to fea therewith. To which end, as often as it is required by either party, ftrict and exprefs prohibitions fhall be renewed and published in all the territories, countries, and dominions of each party wherefover, that no one thall in any wife ule fuch comiffions or letters of reprifal, under the fevereft punishment that can be inflicted on the tranfgreflors, befides being liable to make full reftitution and fatisfaction to those to whom they have done any damage; neither fhall any letters of reprifal be hereafter granted by either of the faid high contracting parties,

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to the prejudice or detriment of the fubjects of the other, except only in fuch cafe wherein juftice is dedenied or delayed; which denial or delay of justice fhall not be regarded as verified, unless the petitions of the perfon, who defires the faid letters of reprifal, be communicated to the minifter refiding there on the part of the prince against whofe fubjects they are not to be granted, that within the space of four months, or fooner, if it be poffible, he may manifeft the contrary, or procure the fatisfaction which may be justly due.

Art. IV. The fubjects and inhabitants of the refpective dominions of the two fovereigns fhall have liberty, freely and fecurely, without licence or paffport, general or fpecial, by land or by fea or any other way, to enter into the kingdoms, dominions, provinces, countries, iflands, cities, villages, towns, walled or unwalled, fortified or unfortified, ports, or territories whatfoever, of either fovereign, fituated in Europe, and to return from thence, to remain there, or to pass through the fame, and therein to buy and purchafe, as they pleafe, all things neceffary for their fubfiftence and ufe, and they fhall mutually be treated with all kindnefs and favour. Provided, however, that in all thefe matters, they behave and conduct themfelves conformably to the laws and ftatutes, and live with each other in a friendly and peaceable manner, and pro. mote reciprocal concord by maintaining a mutual and good understanding.

Art. V. The fubjects of each of their faid majesties may have leave and licence to come with their fhips, as alfo with the merchandizes and goods on board the fame, the trade and importation whereof are not

prohibited by the laws of either kingdom, and to enter into the countries, dominions, cities, ports, places, and rivers of either party, fituated in Europe, to refort thereto, and to remain and refide there, without any limitation of time; alfo to hire houfes, or to lodge with other perfons, and to buy all lawful kinds of merchandizes, where they think fit, either from the first maker or the feller, or in any other manner, whether in the public market for the fale of merchandizes, or in fairs, or wherever fuch merchandizes are manufactured or fold. They may likewife depofit and keep in their magazines and warehouses the merchandizes brought from other parts, and afterwards expose the fame to fale, without being in any wife obliged, unless willingly and of their own accord, to bring the faid merchandizes to the marts and fairs. Neither are they to be burthened with any impofitions or duties on account of the faid freedom of trade, or for any other caufe whatfoever, except thofe which are to be paid for their fhips and meichandizes, conformably to the regulations of the prefent treaty, or thofe to which the fubjects of the two contracting parties fhall themfelves be liable. And they fhall have free leave to remove themfelves, as alfo their wives, children, and fervants, together with their merchandizes, property, goods, or effects, whether bought or imported, wherever they fhall think fit, out of either kingdom, by land and by fea, on the rivers and fresh waters, after difcharging the usual duties; any law, privilege, grant, immunities or culloms, to the contrary thereof in any wife notwithstanding. In matters of religion, the fubjects of the two crowns fhall enjoy perfect liberty. They fhall not

be

be compelled to attend divine fervice, whether in the churches or elsewhere; but, on the contrary, they fhall be permitted, without any moleftation, to perform the exercifes of their religion privately in their own houfes, and in their own way. Liberty fhall not be refufed to bury the fubjects of either king

dom who die in the territories of the other, in convenient places to be appointed for that purpose; nor fhall the funerals or fepulchres of the deceased be in any wife disturbed. The laws and ftatutes of each kingdom fhall remain in full force and vigour, and fhall be duly put in execution, whether they relate to commerce and navigation, or to any other right, thofe cafes only excepted, concerning which it is otherwife determined in the articles of this present treaty.

Art. VI. The two high contracting parties have thought proper to fettle the duties on certain goods and merchandizes, in order to fix inva. riably the footing on which the trade therein fhall be established between the two nations. In confequence of which they have agreed upon the following tariff, viz.

ift, The wines of France, imported directly from France into Great Britain, fhall, in no cafe, pay any higher duties than thofe which the wines of Portugal now

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pence, and fixteen twentieths of a penny fterling, per ton.

3d. The brandies of France, inftead of nine fhillings and fix perce, and twelve twentieths of a penny fterling, fhall, for the future, pay, in Great Britain, only feven fhillings fterling per gallon, making four quarts, English measure.

4th, Oil of olives, coming directly from France, fhail, for the future, pay no higher duties than are now paid for the fame from the most favoured nations.

5th, Beer fhall pay reciprocally a duty of thirty per cent. ad valorem.

6th. The duties on hardware, cutlery, cabinet ware and turnery, and alfo all works, both heavy, and light, of iron, fteel, copper, and brafs, fhall be claffed; and the highest duty fhall not exceed ten per cent. ad valorem.

7th. All forts of cottons manufactured in the dominions of the two fovereigns in Europe, and alfo woollens, whether knit or wove, including hofiery, fhall pay, in both countries, an import-duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem; all manufactures of cotton or wool, mixed with filk excepted, which fhall remain prohibited on both fides.

8th. Cambricks and lawns fhall pay, in both countries, an import duty of five fhillings, or fix livres Tournois, per demi piece of feven yards and three quarters, English meature; and linens, made of fax or hemp, manufactured in the dominions of the two fovereigns in Europe, fhall pay no higher duties, either in Great Britain or France, than linens manufactured in Holland or Flanders, imported into Great Britain, now pay.

And linen made of flax or hemp, manufactured in Ireland or France, fhall reciprocally pay no higher du(F 3) tics

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ties than linens manufactured in
Holland, imported into Ireland,
now pay.

9th. Sadlery fhall reciprocally
pay an import-duty of fiiteen per
cent, ad valorem.

10th Gauzes of all forts fhall reciprocally pay ten per cent. ad

valorem.

11th. Millinery made up of muflin, lawn, cambrick, or gauze of every kind, or of any other article admitted under the prefent tariff, fhall pay reciprocally a duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem and if any articles fhall be used therein, which are not fpecified in the tariff, they fhall pay no higher duties than thofe paid for the fame articles by

the most favoured nations.

12th. Porcelain, earthen-ware, and pottery, fhall pay reciprocally twelve per cent. ad valorem.

13th. Plate-glafs and glafs ware in general fhall be admitted, on each fide, paying a duty of twelve per cent. ad valorem.

His Britannic majefty referves the right of countervailing, by additional duties on the undermentioned merchandizes, the internal duties actually impofed upon the manufactures, or the import-duties which are charged on the raw materials; namely, on all linens or cottons, ftained or printed, on beer, glafs ware, plate glafs, and iron.

And his moft Chriftian majefly alfo referves the right of doing the fame, with regard to the following merchandizes; namely, cottons, iron, and beer.

And for the better fecuring the due collection of the duties payable ad valorem, which are specified in the above tariff, the faid contracting parties will concert with each other as well the form of the declarations to be made, as alfo the proper means of preventing fraud with

respect to the real value of the faid goods and merchandizes.

But if it fhall hereafter appear, that any mistakes have inadvertentently been made in the above tariff, contrary to the principles on which it is founded, the two fovereigns will concert with good faith upon the means of rectifying them. Art.VII.The duties above ipecified are not to be altered but by mutual confent; and the merchandizes not above specified fhall pay, in the dominions of the two fovereigns, the import and export duties payable in each of the faid dominions by the most favoured European nations, at the time the prefent treaty bears date; and the fhips belonging to the fubjects of the faid dominions fhall alfo refpectively enjoy therein all the privileges and advantages which are granted to those of the most favoured European nations.

And it being the intention of the two high contracting parties, that their refpective fubjects fhould be in the dominions of cach other upon a footing as advantageous as thefe of other European nations, they agree, that in cafe they fhall hereafter grant any additional advantages in navigation or trade to any other European nations, they will reciprocally allow their faid fubjects to participate therein; without prejudice, however, to the advantages which they referve, viz. France in favour of Spain, in confequence of the 24th article of the Family Compact, tigned the 10th of May, 1761, and England according to what he has practifed in conformity to, and in confequence of the convention of 1703, between England and Portugal.

And to the end that every perfon may know, with certainty, the ftate of the aforefaid impofts, cuitoms, import and export duties,

whatever

whatever they may be, it is agreed, that tariffs, indicating the impofts, cuftoms, and established duties, fhall be affixed in public places, as weil in Rouen and the other trading cities of France, as in London and the other trading cities under the dominion of the king of Great Britain, that recourfe may be had to them whenever any difference fhall arife concerning fuch impofts, cuftoms, and duties, which fhall not be levied otherwife than in conformity to what is clearly expreffed in the faid tariffs, and according to their natural construction. And if any officer, or other perfon in his name, fall, under any pretence, publicly or privately, directly or indirectly, demand or take of a merchant, or of any other perfon, any fum of money, or any thing elfe, on account of duties, impoft, fearch, or compenfation, although it be under the name of a free gift, or under any other pretence, more or otherwife that what is above prefcribed; in fuch cafe, the faid officer, or his deputy, if he be accufed and convicted of the fame before a competent judge, in the place where the crime was committed, fhall give full fatisfaction to the injured party, and fhall likewife fuffer the penalty prefcribed by the laws.

Art. VIII. No merchandize exported from the countries refpectiveÎy under the dominion of their majefties, fhall hereafter be fubject to be infpected or confifcated, under any pretence of fraud or defect in making or working them, or of any other imperfection whatfoever; but abfolute freedom fhall be allowed to the buyer and feller to bargain and fix the price for the fame, as they fhall fee good; any law, ftatute, edict, proclamation, privilege, grant, or custom to the contrary notwithstanding.

Art. IX. Whereas feveral kinds of merchandizes, which are ufually contained in catks, chefts, or other cafes, and for which the duties are paid by weight, will be exported from and imported into France by British fubjects; it is agreed, that in fuch cafe, the aforefaid duties fhall be demanded only according to the real weight of the merchan dizes; and the weight of the cafks, chefts, and other cafes whatever, fhall be deducted, in the fame manner as has been, and is now practifed in England.

Art. X. It is further agreed, that if any miake or error fhall be committed by any mafier of a ship, his interpreter or factor, or by any other employed by him, in making the entry or declaration of her cargo, neither the fhip nor the cargo fhall be fubject for fuch defect, to confifcation; but it fhall be lawful for proprietors to take back again fuch goods as were omitted in the entry or declaration of the master of the hip, paying only the accuftomed duties according to the placart, provided always that there be no manifest appearance of fraud. Neither fhall the merchants or the mafters of fhips, or the merchandize, be fubject to any penalty, by reason of fuch omiffion, in cafe the goods omitted in the declaration fhall not have been landed before the declaration has been made.

Art. XI. In cafe either of the two

high contracting parties fhall think proper to establish prohibitions, or to augment the import duties upon any goods or merchandize of the growth or manufacture of the other, which are not specified in the tariff, fuch prohibitions or augmentations fhall be general, and fhall comprehend the like goods and merchandizes of the other most favoured European nations, as well as those of (F 4)

either

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