...provision* common to both, which we now proceed to discuss. The Constitution provides: "Each House shall be the judge of the election returns, and qualifications of its own members." It is necessary that those powers should be vested in the House where the membership is claimed. Thi*...

...legislation of the State. The charter of New York city provides that the board of aldermen shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its own members, subject, however, to the review of any court of competent jurisdiction. The courts are not ousted thereby...

...term begins for which the Congress is elected (March 4) ; 1 but this act was repealed in 1871.2 The House is the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its own members. A majority constitutes a quorum, but a less number may adjourn from day to day.3 The second paragraph...

...provision of the statutes of that State that "the council, and when of two branches, each branch, shall be the judge of the election, returns and qualifications of its own members," a common council of a municipal corporation was made the exclusive judge of the right of its members...

...presides in place of the Vice President, who is at ordinary sittings president of the Senate. The Senate is the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its own members. Thus in the famous case of Reed Smoot of Utah, discussed widely in the newspapers of the time on account...

...the Senate may propose or concur in amendments, as in other bills-. SECTION 4. 1. Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its own members; and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct, by censure, fine imprisonment...

...Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. SECTION V. Each House shall be the judge of the election, returns, and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from...

...house of representatives or any office within the gift of the legislature. Sec. 9. Each house shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its own members. A majority of the members of each house shall constitute a quorum, but a smaller number may adjourn...

...Congress as a whole may alter the Constitution by a twothirds vote. Each of the two Houses of Congress is the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its own members and may, by two-thirds vote, expel a member. The period termed a "Congress," continues for two years....

...within its constitutional authority, it being provided in the Constitution that "each house shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its own members"; and undoubtedly the House had the right, after sufficient information, to judge and pass upon the election...